ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In people wearing dentures, the growth of various Candida species under the prosthesis leads to the formation of biofilm, which can play the role of a reservoir for Candida and other kinds of microbes. Since nano-chitosan particles can cause lasting antimicrobial activity, a more recent approach that utilizes acrylic resins with nano-chitosan particles is proposed. Therefore, we aimed to study the inhibitory effect of nano-chitosan particles on the biofilm formation of Candida species in acrylic resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this analytical in-vitro study, acrylic resins with nano-chitosan particles with concentrations of 0, 1%, 5%, and %10 were put adjacent to the suspension of Candida cells isolated from the individuals' mouth and biofilm formation on resins was measured and compared. Finally, the data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests. RESULTS: The observed differences between unmodified acrylic resin (control) and acrylic resin with nano-chitosan particles in terms of biofilm formation were significant (P<0.05) but no significant difference was found in the formation of biofilm species on resins. CONCLUSION: Biofilm formation of Candida species depends on acrylic resin type, in a way that by adding nano-chitosan particles to acrylic resins, biofilm formation of Candida species was significantly reduced. To decrease the organization of biofilm and denture stomatitis, the use of acrylics with nano-chitosan particles in producing dentures is recommended.
ABSTRACT
Nicotine consumption can decrease fertility drive in males through inducing oxidative stress and DNA damage. The color of turmeric is because of a substance called curcumin for which some anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties have been identified. In this study, various doses of curcumin (10, 30 and 60 mg/kg) and curcumin plus nicotine (10, 30 and 60 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally to male mice for 28 consequent days and reproductive parameters were determined. The results indicated that nicotine administration (0.5 mg/kg) significantly decreased testosterone level, count and motility of sperms, and testis weight compared to control group. However, increasing the dose of curcumin significantly increased reproductive indices in most of the groups. Thus, it seems that curcumin inhibits nicotine-induced adverse effects on reproductive parameters.
El consumo de nicotina puede disminuir la fertilidad en los hombres mediante la inducción de estrés oxidativo y daño del ADN. El color de la cúrcuma se debe a una sustancia llamada curcumina en la cual se han identificado algunas propiedades anti-oxidantes y anti-inflamatorias. En este estudio se administraron diferentes dosis de curcumina (10, 30 y 60 mg/kg) y de curcumina más nicotina (10, 30 y 60 mg/kg) por vía intraperitoneal a ratones machos durante 28 días consecutivos y se determinaron los parámetros reproductivos. La administración de nicotina (0,5 mg/kg) disminuyó significativamente el nivel de testosterona, el número y motilidad de los espermatozoides, y peso de los testículos en comparación con el grupo control. Sin embargo, el incremento de la dosis de curcumina aumentó significativamente los índices reproductivos en la mayoría de los grupos. Este estudio sugiere que la curcumina inhibe los efectos adversos inducidos por la nicotina sobre los parámetros reproductivos.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Reproduction/drug effects , Testis/drug effects , Curcumin/administration & dosage , Nicotine/toxicity , Antioxidants/administration & dosage , Organ Size/drug effects , Seminiferous Tubules/drug effects , Sperm Count , Sperm Motility/drug effects , Testosterone/analysis , Curcumin/pharmacology , Antioxidants/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Responses to immunoprophylaxis of superficial bladder cancer in 94 post-transurethral resection patients were analyzed. Once-a-week intravesicular instillations of BCG vaccine in a dose 100 mg diluted in 50 ml of physiological solution were initiated 30 days after transurethral resection. The main course of therapy comprised 8 instillations made outpatiently. Subsequently the patients underwent a maintenance immunoprophylactic course once a month in the same dose (100 mg) for a year since transurethral resection. 3 years after therapy gave rise to the tumor recurrences in 12 (12.8%) out of 94 patients contrary to 37 (43.0%) patients out of 86 patients. BCG is able to prevent recurrences of superficial bladder cancer subjected to transurethral resection in the majority of patients.
