[Protocol of intravitreal drug delivery. Consensus of the Expert Counsil of Retina and Optic Nerve Diseases of the All-Russian Public Organasation «Association of Ophthalmologists¼]. / Protokol vypolneniya intravitreal'nogo vvedeniya lekarstvennykh preparatov. Konsensus Ekspertnogo soveta po zabolevaniyam setchatki i zritel'nogo nerva Obshcherossiiskoi obshchestvennoi organizatsii «Assotsiatsiya vrachei-oftal'mologov¼.

Intravitreal drug administration is a procedure that has become widespread in modern ophthalmology. However, there is no global consensus on certain aspects of this manipulation, and practitioners feel the need for guidelines. In the Russian Federation, until now, such a document was not available. The expert council on diseases of the retina and optic nerve of All-Russian public organization «Association of Ophthalmologists¼, with participation of invited specialists, has studied and analyzed the existing foreign guidelines for performing intravitreal injections, as well as the regulatory framework in Russia. As a result, this Protocol was developed and approved for use in the healthcare system of the Russian Federation. The document regulates the requirements for specialists and organizations, the conditions for performing the procedure and the necessary material resources and presents an algorithm for performing intravitreal drug administration, a patient examination check-list for various conditions of the procedure, as well as parameters for evaluating and monitoring the quality of the procedure.

[Change of priorities when selecting the method of eye removal: enucleation versus evisceration]. / Smena prioritetov v vybore metoda udaleniia glaza: énukleatsiia ili évistseratsiia.

The development and evolution of conservative and surgical methods of treating patients with various ocular pathologies influence the priorities when selecting the method of eye removal. PURPOSE: To perform comparative analysis of eye removal methods based on the results of own studies over a long period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study analyses eye removal surgeries performed in Helmholtz Moscow Research Institute of Eye Diseases over the period of 1991 to 2016 and investigates the reasons of selecting enucleation and evisceration methods. RESULTS: Over the period of 1991 to 2001, there were 968 eye removal surgeries performed in the department of traumatology, with reasons listed as trauma aftermath - 884 (91.3%) cases, outcomes of various diseases - 85 (8.7%) cases. From 2002 to 2016, a total of 2529 eye removal surgeries have been performed due to non-oncological reasons, of which 1337 (52.9%) were enucleation surgeries and 1190 (47.1%) - evisceration surgeries. However, over the last 15 years, there has been a clear tendency for changing priorities when selecting the method of eye removal: from 2002 to 2016, the number of eviscerations has increased by 4.2 times (from 16 to 66.6%), while the percentage of enucleations has decreased from 84 to 33.4%. The rise in frequency of eviscerations was noted in post-traumatic pathologies, including post-traumatic uveitis and preatrophy, and buphthalmos. CONCLUSION: Analysis of clinical and statistical data accumulated over more than 10 years showed positive dynamics in the decrease of eye removal cases and changes in priority when selecting the method towards evisceration, which causes fewer complications, has better functional and esthetic results - especially considering the ongoing development of new evisceration techniques.

[Epidemiology and rehabilitation of persons with anophthalmos in the Russian Federation].

The time course of changes in the rate of enucleations and the prevalence of anophthalmos in the Russian Federation, which have recently been growing steadily, were studied. By analyzing a great body of clinical materials from 1337 patients with anophthalmos, they show the ways of forming a locomotor stump and the most commonly used implants and recommend the optimal shapes of standard artificial eyes for the rehabilitation of persons with anophthalmos and a cosmetically defective blind eye. Ocular prosthetic repair as a method of social, psychological, and medical rehabilitation is one of the principal stages of upgrading the quality of life in the patients who have lost eyes.

[Dependence of mobility of an eye prosthesis on the method of rectus muscle fixation]. / Zavisimost' podvizhnosti glaznogo proteza ot sposoba fiksatsii priamykh myshts.

The relationship between the mobility of eye prosthesis and method of musculus rectus fixation was investigated. The results indicate that fixation of the muscles to subconjunctival tissues allows the best mobility of the eye prosthesis. This method of musculus rectus fixation is most similar to anatomical fixation. In addition, fixation of musculus rectus is essential for configuration and mobility of the conjunctival cavity. Hence, the optimal method for fixation of musculus rectus in order to attain the best mobility of the eye prosthesis and therefore the best cosmetic result can be chosen during enucleation.

[New methods of measuring the mobility of ocular prosthesis in anophthalmia and their comparative study]. / Novye sposoby izmereniia podvizhnosti glaznogo proteza pri anoftal'me i ikh sravnitel'naia otsenka.

Methods for measuring the mobility of ocular prostheses in patients with anophthalmia were developed and compared between each other and with the traditional Forster method for measuring the prosthesis mobility along perimeter. The most accurate method is measurement of the angle tangent (method No. 3), while Forster measurement is the least accurate and most subjective. The most rapid method is making use of millimeter pattern, which can be used in early terms after surgery in adults and children. All methods are convenient, simple, and require no special training.