ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Oral cancer is one of the most frequent cancers in the world. It arises from epithelial dysplasia. Hence, identifying these lesions in an early stage could prevent their malignant transformation. The aim of the present work was to assess the cell proliferative activity of minichromosome maintenance protein (MCM-2) in oral epithelial dysplastic lesions and to correlate the results with different grades of epithelial dysplasia in an attempt to use MCM-2 in the early detection of malignancy. METHODS: MCM-2 expression was determined by the nuclear count in a total of 30 oral epithelial dysplastic specimens roughly classified into 10 cases of mild, moderate, and severe dysplasia. Five cases of early invasive squamous-cell carcinomas and 5 cases of epithelial hyperplasia were also included. RESULTS: The MCM-2 immunostaining was found to increase gradually from mild to moderate to severe dysplasia and reached its maximum value in early invasive squamous cell carcinoma. CONCLUSION: MCM-2 is of prognostic value in cases of oral dysplasia that have a tendency to undergo malignant transformation.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/enzymology , Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 2/biosynthesis , Mouth Mucosa/enzymology , Mouth Neoplasms/enzymology , Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Male , Mouth Mucosa/pathology , Mouth Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Congenital granular cell epulis is a benign soft tissue lesion of the neonate that arises from the alveolar ridges of the jaws in newborns. The aim of this study is to define the histogenesis of congenital granular cell epulis by using several immunohistochemical markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A series of six cases of congenital granular cell epulis were immunostained with a panel of antibodies (NSE, CD68, CD99, Mesothelin, Inhibin-a, GFAP, Dystrophin, NGFR/p75 and TLR1). The percentage of positive cells was measured in the form of area percent using an image analysis software (Leica- Qwin) system. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to compare between means of positive immunostaining antibodies. RESULTS: Granular cells of all cases showed positive cytoplasmic immunostaining for NSE and CD68. The interstitial cells of five cases showed immunopositivity for CD99. Granular and interstitial cells in all cases were negative with the remaining antibodies. The immunoreactivity of the granular cells to NSE showed the statistically significantly highest mean area percent. This was followed by CD68 which showed lower values. The immunoreactivity of the interstitial cells to CD99 showed the statistically significantly lowest mean area percent. CONCLUSION: The expression of NSE and CD99 in all cases of the present study support a neuroectodermal derivation of congenital granular cell epulis.
