ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Depressive disorder is globally estimated to be as many as one in five visits to primary health care. Approximately more than 50% of depressed women in primary care are not diagnosed. As a part of a major investigation into perceptions of women's depression, this study explored how female patients and their relatives conceptualize patients' conditions in three ethnic groups in Iran (Fars, Kurds and Turks). METHODS: Qualitative methods were used for data collection. Depressed women and their relatives were purposively selected from the public psychiatric clinics affiliated to university of medical sciences in the three study cities. Twenty-five depressed women and 14 relatives were interviewed in three ethnic groups. RESULTS: One theme "illness meaning", including three categories: perceived symptoms, label of the illness, and effects of the illness was found through the content analysis. The participants perceived symptoms of illness as somatic and psychological depending on the participant's assumed reason for the onset of the illness. There were most similarities in term used for of the illness in the three ethnic groups. Most of the study participants described the illness in terms of nerve problems/illness, and depression "afsordehgi". The most important effects that depressed women had experienced because of their illness were marital conflict or a guilt feeling originating from their inability to support family. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest the need to recognize and choose appropriate diagnostic approach for depressed women in the context of Iran.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The appropriate application of Endoscopic modalities for polypectomy depends on the likelihood that the adenoma in question harbors invasive cancer. While prior studies have evaluated polyp size and morphology in assessing the risk of malignancy, in recent decay some authorities have paid more attention to dysplasia. All in all, the relative risk of cancer based on polyp distribution in correlation with dysplasia has not been statistically studied which is done in our study. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between June 2001 and March 2004, the distribution of 130 adenomatous polyps was compared with synchronous invasive or in situ cancer. Factors such as Patient age, Patients gender, location of lesion, size of polyp, histological subtype of adenoma on biopsy, degree of dysplasia, synchronous cancer, color of polyp, and number of polyps were included in the data collection. RESULTS: Multivariate logistic regression test was used to evaluate the association between malignancy and various clinical variables. It revealed histological subtype, high grade of dysplasia and size to be independent predictor of malignancy. However; left-sided location and histological subtype to be independent risk factor for high-grade dysplasia. CONCLUSION: Lesions greater than 1 cm in diameter with high-grade dysplasia after splenic flexure should be managed as presumptive malignancies with segmental colon resection. In intermediate-risk lesions the physician should decide individually.
