ABSTRACT
Receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells (RCAS1) is a novel cancer cell-surface antigen, strongly expressed in invasive cancers. RCAS1 inhibited the in vitro growth of immunocytes, and induced apoptotic cell death. The cloning of canine RCAS1 cDNA was carried out and identified from the mammary gland tumor of a dog. A canine RCAS1 cDNA of 864 bp in length has an open reading frame of 642 bp nucleotides encoding a protein of 213 deduced amino acids. The predicted amino acid sequence of canine RCAS1 showed 96.2% and 96.7% homologies with those of human and mouse RCAS1 respectively. Canine RCAS1 has an N-terminal transmembrane segment and a coiled-coil structure in the C-terminal protein, which are highly conserved in mouse and human RCAS1.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics , Dogs/genetics , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Apoptosis/genetics , Base Sequence , Cloning, Molecular , DNA Primers , DNA, Complementary/genetics , Female , Humans , Immune System/physiology , Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics , Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology , Mice , Molecular Sequence Data , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Homology, Amino AcidABSTRACT
The concentration of feline serum amyloid A (fSAA) was determined by a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) by using fSAA specific monoclonal antibodies, to evaluate the fSAA as an inflammatory marker in cats. The mean concentration +/- standard deviation of fSAA was found to be 0.60 +/- 1.06 microg/m l and 33.65 +/- 67.59 microg/ml in serum samples from normal cats (n=45) and cats (n=312) with various diseases and disorders, respectively. A significant difference (p<0.001) was found between the two groups. It was also found that the concentration of fSAA begins to increase rapidly at approximately 3-6 hr after spay, and increases up to significantly high levels in some disorders, like injury, renal failure, infectious diseases, etc.
Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/diagnosis , Inflammation/veterinary , Serum Amyloid A Protein/analysis , Animals , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Biomarkers/blood , Cat Diseases/blood , Cats , Communicable Diseases/blood , Communicable Diseases/diagnosis , Communicable Diseases/veterinary , Diabetes Mellitus/blood , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus/veterinary , Enteritis/blood , Enteritis/diagnosis , Enteritis/veterinary , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary , Inflammation/blood , Inflammation/diagnosis , Liver Diseases/blood , Liver Diseases/diagnosis , Liver Diseases/veterinary , Mouth Diseases/blood , Mouth Diseases/diagnosis , Mouth Diseases/veterinary , Neoplasms/blood , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/veterinary , Renal Insufficiency/blood , Renal Insufficiency/diagnosis , Renal Insufficiency/veterinary , Serum Amyloid A Protein/immunology , Urologic Diseases/blood , Urologic Diseases/diagnosis , Urologic Diseases/veterinary , Wounds and Injuries/blood , Wounds and Injuries/diagnosis , Wounds and Injuries/veterinaryABSTRACT
Autoantibodies to surface molecules on lymphocytes have already been described in various immune conditions, such as, autoimmune diseases, infections, and blood transfusions. Because T-cell costimulatory molecules play a central role in the immune response of T-cells, we investigated the presence of autoantibodies against T-cell costimulatory molecules in canine autoimmune diseases. In this study, we prepared recombinant proteins of CTLA-4 (CD152) and CD28 and investigated the presence of autoantibodies against them in serum samples obtained from dogs with various autoimmune diseases and from healthy dogs as controls, using the recombinant GST fusion proteins by ELISA. Anti-CTLA-4 antibodies were found in 31.8% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 20% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 12.5% of patients with pemphigus, 0% of patients with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, and 0% of healthy donors. Anti-CD28 antibodies were not found in any of the patients or healthy donors. The ELISA results were further confirmed by immunoblotting. The presence of anti CTLA-4 antibodies suggests the existence of a CTLA-4-specific immune response. The autoantibodies against CTLA-4, demonstrated here for the first time in canine autoimmune diseases, may modulate the immune response in dogs with autoimmune diseases.
