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Bull Soc Pathol Exot ; 111(2): 90-98, 2018.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30789240

ABSTRACT

Little is known about viral and atypical bacteria pathogen spectra of community-acquired lower respiratory tract infection in children in Tunisia. Thus, a prospective study was carried out between January 2009 and March 2010 in Sfax. Nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from 368 patients (78 with pneumonia and 290 with acute bronchiolitis) were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence assay and PCR to detect influenza viruses, parainfluenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus, human rhinovirus, human enterovirus, adenovirus, coronavirus, Mycoplasma pneumonia (Mpn) and Chlamydia pneumonia (Cpn). One or more etiology was documented in 319 cases (86.7%). The most detected viruses were RSV (42.7%), rhinovirus (32.9%) and adenovirus (28.5%). Co-detection of two or three pathogens was found in 40% of positive samples. This study highlights the importance of respiratory viruses in lower respiratory tract infection in children of Sfax region as well as the high rate of co-detection of multiple viruses, resulting in challenges in clinical interpretation.


Le profil étiologique microbien des infections respiratoires basses (IRB) communautaires de l'enfant a été peu étudié en Tunisie. Une étude prospective a été menée à Sfax entre janvier 2009 et mars 2010 sur 368 enfants hospitalisés pour pneumonie (n = 78) ou bronchiolite aiguë (n = 290). Les aspirations nasopharyngées ont été analysées par immunofluorescence et par PCR à la recherche des virus influenza, virus para-influenza, virus respiratoire syncytial (VRS), métapneumovirus, rhinovirus, entérovirus, adénovirus, coronavirus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mpn) et Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn). Une étiologie ou plus a été retrouvée dans 319 cas (86,7 %) : principalement le VRS (42,7 %), des rhinovirus (32,9 %) et des adénovirus (28,5 %). Dans 40 % des prélèvements positifs, deux ou trois agents pathogènes ont été codétectés. Cette étude a permis de montrer la prévalence élevée des virus dans les IRB de l'enfant dans la région de Sfax et leur détection fréquente en co-infection posant la question sur leur rôle pathogène réel.


Subject(s)
Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Community-Acquired Infections , Respiratory Tract Infections , Virus Diseases/epidemiology , Adolescent , Bacteria/classification , Bacteria/isolation & purification , Bacterial Infections/classification , Child , Child, Preschool , Coinfection/epidemiology , Coinfection/microbiology , Coinfection/virology , Community-Acquired Infections/epidemiology , Community-Acquired Infections/microbiology , Community-Acquired Infections/virology , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Prospective Studies , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology , Tunisia/epidemiology , Virus Diseases/classification , Viruses/classification , Viruses/isolation & purification
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