[The importance of the vertical transmission of enteroviruses in the epidemiology of congenital viral infections]. / Znachenie vertikal'noi peredachi énterovirusov v épidemiologii vrozhdennykh virusnykh infektsii.

A total of 814 newborns were examined using a highly sensitive method of indication of viral antigens. A high incidence of congenital viral infection was revealed: 450 per 1000 live-born children. Enteroviral infections (mainly Coxsackie) ranked first in prevalence. These infections in the newborns are mainly caused by the vertical transmission of enteroviruses from mothers with persistent forms of infections. Virtually all the other viruses (influenza viruses, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, parainfluenza, measles, and rubella viruses) are detected in the newborns included in the group at a high risk of vertical transmissions of enteroviral infections. In the majority of cases the said viruses were detected in association with enteroviruses.

[An experimental model of the vertical transmission of the Coxsackie-group enteroviruses and its use in developing methods to prevent congenital coxsackievirus infection]. / Eksperimental'naia model' vertikal'noi peredachi énterovirusov gruppy Koksaki i ee ispol'zovanie pri razrabotke metodov profilaktiki vrozhdennoi Koksaki-virusnoi infektsii.

An experimental model of vertical transmission of Coxsackie group enteroviruses was developed in BALB/c mice the first generation of which was infected with Coxsackie A18 virus in the neonatal period. Persistence of the virus was demonstrated in all females of the first generation tested and in 90.9% to 100% of the animals of the next two generations. Cytochemical analysis of the enzyme status of lymphocytes revealed reliable relationship between the depression of energetic metabolism enzymes and the activity of virus amplification in the animals under study. The correction of aerobic respiration in pregnant females by administration of a complex of energy metabolism substrates and cofactors was accompanied by a significant reduction of the virus infection activity in the females and their offsprings as well as by prevention of transplacental infection in some litters. The experimental model of vertical transmission of enteroviruses is proposed for use in the development of methods for prevention of congenital Coxsackie virus infection. The authors express their deep gratitude to the sponsor of the publication--NOVRUZ Co., Turkmenistan.

[The role of prenatal Coxsackievirus infection in the etiology of congenital heart defects in children]. / Znachenie antenata'lnoi Koksaki-virusnoi infektsii v étiologii vrozhdennykh porokov serdtsa u detei.

Sixty-two children with congenital heart diseases and 100 normal children were examined, their age ranging from 5 days to 6 years. Indicators of intrauterine enterovirus infection risk were detected in 93.5% of children with congenital heart diseases and in just 21.9% of the controls. Coxsackie A and B viruses were detected by immunofluorescence in urinary sediment cells of 84.4% of children with congenital heart diseases vs. 7.7% of the controls. None of the 20 serotypes of Coxsackie A virus was detected at a predominant rate, as compared to others. Among the Coxsackie B serotypes, Coxsackie virus B3 was recovered particularly frequently. Etiologic relationship of congenital heart diseases to Coxsackie virus infection, and possible persistence of these viruses in children with congenital heart diseases are discussed.