ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of complete intrastromal corneal ring implantations on patients with pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD). DESIGN: Prospective interventional case series. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-three eyes with PMD were included into the study. After pocket creation with femtosecond laser (Femtec; 20/10 PerfectVision), MyoRing implantation was performed. Uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity (UDVA, CDVA), subjective refraction, keratometry, central corneal thickness, corneal biomechanical profile (Ocular Response Analysis), and whole-eye wavefront aberrometry (iTrace) were evaluated preoperatively and also postoperatively, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after the operation. RESULTS: One month after surgery, significant improvements were observed in UDVA (ANOVA; P=0.02), mean keratometry, sphere (ANOVA; P <0.001), and cylinder (ANOVA; P=0.04) with no significant changes afterwards. No significant change occurred in the corneal biomechanical profile. Primary coma and trefoil reduced after 1 year (ANOVA; P values were 0.02 and 0.06, respectively). Primary spherical aberration significantly increased according to the 1-year follow-up (ANOVA; P<0.001). No significant complication was observed. CONCLUSION: MyoRing is considered as a treatment modality for spherocylindrical correction in patients with PMD, with an acceptable safety and efficacy profile.
Subject(s)
Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/surgery , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Laser Therapy/methods , Prostheses and Implants , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Aberrometry , Adult , Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/physiopathology , Corneal Pachymetry , Corneal Topography , Corneal Wavefront Aberration/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Lasers, Solid-State/therapeutic use , Male , Nomograms , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures , Prospective Studies , Refraction, Ocular/physiology , Visual Acuity/physiology , Young AdultABSTRACT
The effect of two novel hydrocolloids known as Balangu seed gum (BSG) and palmate-tuber salep (PTS) with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) on the rheological characteristics of a typical soft ice cream was studied. The power law model well described the flow behavior of mixes with a high correlation coefficient (r). The flow behavior index was in the range of 0.450-1.154, while the consistency coefficient varied from 0.051 to 6.822 Pa s(n). All mixes showed a pseudoplastic behavior except the mix containing 0.3% PTS, which was found to have a slightly dilatant characteristic. An increase in the concentration was accompanied by an increase in the pseudoplasticity and consistency coefficient. The effect of selected gums on some sensory properties of a soft ice cream such as viscosity, coldness, firmness, degree of smoothness (coarseness), liquefying rate, body and texture and total acceptance has also been investigated in this work. The correlation between the apparent viscosity and sensory attributes has been determined because of the importance of viscosity in the quality evaluation of an ice cream. Taking into account the commercial ice cream properties, a 0.4% BSG gum concentration may be recommended.
Subject(s)
Food Additives/chemistry , Ice Cream/analysis , Plant Gums/chemistry , Plant Preparations/chemistry , Sensation , Adult , Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium/chemistry , Chemical Phenomena , Colloids , Female , Food Preferences , Humans , Iran , Lamiaceae/chemistry , Male , Mechanical Phenomena , Models, Chemical , Orchidaceae/chemistry , Plant Tubers/chemistry , Seeds/chemistry , Viscosity , Young AdultABSTRACT
In the date syrup industry, date fruits are mixed with a suitable amount of water at a temperature greater than 50 degrees C for about 1 h. This condition is not sufficient for killing the micro-organisms present in the fruit. In addition, Overheating for a long time can damages nutritious materials and also changes the final product's color. Ultrasound was applied for improving the quantity and quality of the extraction, and also to overcome the health problem. In this research, the following variables were examined: date fruit/water ratio, ultrasonic intensity and temperature. The results showed that sonication under the proper conditions can lead to a higher extraction in a shorter time with a better physical quality of the product. Most importantly, the sonication significantly decreased the microbial count in comparison to the classical method. This study also confirmed the presence of anti-microbial substances in date fruit, and that ultrasonic waves can accelerate their effects.
