ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Lack of knowledge on COVID-19 among people and healthcare staff significantly impacts late management and its rapid transmission. Dental students must be aware of the exact preventive instructions due to their close contact with patients and clinical work in the dental setting during the pandemic. This interventional study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of designed educational content regarding COVID-19 on Iranian dental students' knowledge, attitudes, and practices at Alborz University of medical sciences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 88 dental students were investigated in this study. Educational content was designed based on the clinical guidelines regarding COVID-19 in dentistry. The content was presented to dental students as a three-hour webinar. In addition, the online, validated questionnaire was obtained from the students as pre, post, and follow-up surveys. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference between students' knowledge, attitudes, and practices were obtained before and after the intervention and the follow-up survey. 48.58% improvement in knowledge score, 6.37% in attitudes, and 17% in practice scores were observed. CONCLUSION: Although this educational intervention significantly improved the knowledge, attitude, and practice of dental students, additional education and clinical training are mandatory for effective and safe dental practice management in future crises.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Humans , COVID-19/prevention & control , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Iran , Schools, Dental , Students, Dental , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Since composites still face a critical problem called polymerization shrinkage and bulk-fill composites have reported acceptable results for this issue, this study aims to assess the polymerization shrinkage of a new bulk-fill flowable composite (G-aenial bulk injectable [GBI]) and compare it to other bulk-fill and conventional composites. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this in vitro study, 25 composite discs were fabricated using three bulk-fill and two conventional composites. They were bonded to a microscopic slide and were covered by a coverslip. This assembly was transferred to a linear variable differential transformer and composite samples were cured from underneath the slides. Dimensional changes formed in composite samples were recorded. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by post hoc Tukey's and Dunnett's tests. RESULTS: The groups were significantly different regarding polymerization shrinkage. G-aenial bulk injectable and G-aenial universal flo showed significantly higher polymerization shrinkage than other composites at 30, 60, and 1800 s after light irradiation, while X-tra fil and Filtek Z250 showed the lowest polymerization shrinkage at the aforementioned time points. CONCLUSION: According to the results, the new composite had polymerization shrinkage similar to the conventional one. Bulk-fill composites reported similar or lower shrinkage to conventional composites.
Subject(s)
Cellulose , Composite Resins , Polymerization , Materials TestingABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of a mouthwash containing Teucriumpolium herb on Streptococcus mutans in mouth. METHODS: This study was a randomized, crossover, double-blind clinical trial, where we selected 22 volunteers (dental students) randomly and we divided them into two groups. The study had two phases. In each phase, one group acted as the intervention group, while the other one was the control group. Both the intervention and control groups were given the mouthwash with and without Teucriumpolium, respectively. S. mutans of saliva were measured before and after each phase to compare the effects of the mouthwashes. A three-week washout period was considered between the two phases. An independent two-sample t-test was utilized to compare the mean of S. mutans colonies. Additionally, we used a standard AB/BA crossover model to find the results of the treatment and the impact of carryover on the residual's biological effects. The significance level was considered 0.05 in this experiment. RESULTS: There is no significant difference observed between the two groups in the number of S. mutans before using the mouthwashes. When the mouthwash containing Teucriumpolium was used, there was a significant decrease in the number of S. mutans colonies in both phases' extract (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate the mouthwash containing aqueous extract of Teucrium polium can majorly reduce the colonization of S. mutans in human saliva. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Ethical issues approved by the Ethics Committee of the Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences with the approval number of 937/9/31, IRCT code Number of IRCT2013121815842N1 and it was approved on 06/16/2014. The study was conducted in the period of September to November 2014.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Mouthwashes/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Saliva/microbiology , Streptococcus mutans/drug effects , Teucrium/chemistry , Colony Count, Microbial , Cross-Over Studies , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Male , Oral Hygiene , Plants, Medicinal , Streptococcus mutans/isolation & purification , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: The present constituents of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) can reflect the changes occurring in underlying tissues. Considering variety of biologic bone markers, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase have been examined as bone turn over markers in orthodontic tooth movement. PURPOSE: The current study designed in a longitudinal pattern to determine the changes of acid and alkaline phosphatase (ACP & ALP) in GCF during orthodontic tooth movement. MATERIALS AND METHOD: An upper canines from twelve patients (mean age: 14±2 years) undergoing extraction orthodontic treatment for distal movement served as the test tooth (DC), and its contralateral (CC) and antagonist (AC) canines were used as controls. The CC was included in orthodontic appliance without orthodontic force; the AC was free from any orthodontic appliance. The GCF around the experimental teeth was harvested from mesial and distal tooth sites immediately before appliance placement (T0), and 14 (T2) and 28 days (T3) after it and ALP and ACP concentration were determined spectrophotometrically. RESULTS: ALP concentration was elevated significantly in DC and CC groups at days 14 and 28 compared with the AC. In DC group, the ALP was significantly greater in mesial sites than distal site, while no significant changes were found between both sites of CC. The peak level of ALP was observed in mesial sites of DC at T2. Regarding ACP, significant elevation of this enzyme was seen in DC group both in mesial and distal sites at T2 and T3. The peak level of this enzyme was seen at T2. CONCLUSION: Monitoring simultaneous changes of ALP and ACP levels in GCF can reflect the tissue responses occur in periodontium during bone formation and bone resorption during orthodontic tooth movement, respectively.
