ABSTRACT
Adenovirus is a common cause of acute upper respiratory tract infection and rarely causes respiratory failure or septic shock in immunocompetent patients. Severe disease is confined to immunocompromised patients. Human bocavirus (HBoV) is known as the fourth most common virus in respiratory samples from healthy subjects. In patients with respiratory complaints, it can be found alone or, more often, in combination with other viruses known to cause respiratory complaints. A well-documented fatal case of HBoV and adenovirus pneumonia with myocarditis in an immunocompetent child is described.
Subject(s)
Adenovirus Infections, Human/complications , Adenoviruses, Human , Human bocavirus , Parvoviridae Infections/complications , Pneumonia, Viral , Adenovirus Infections, Human/drug therapy , Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Ceftriaxone/administration & dosage , Ceftriaxone/therapeutic use , Child, Preschool , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Male , Parvoviridae Infections/drug therapy , Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis , Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy , Vancomycin/administration & dosage , Vancomycin/therapeutic useABSTRACT
The BCG is administered to all the newborns at birth in Iran. Systemic adverse reactions to BCG vaccine such as osteomyelitis and disseminated BCG infection are rare. This is a retrospective study of 15 cases <72 months who were admitted with systemic syndrome compatible with disseminated mycobacterial disease during 2004-07. Disseminated BCG disease occurred in eight children younger than 6-months old and 12 patient younger than 12-months old. Twelve patients were male. Nine of 15 patients had well known primary immune deficiency disorders including severe combined immunodeficiency, chronic granulomatous disease; cell mediated immune defect and HIV infection. Nine (60%) cases had good response to four anti-mycobacterial drug therapy and interferon gamma. Disseminated BCG disease is a rare but devastating complication of BCG vaccination that should be considered in the appropriate clinical setting. Severe immune-compromised infants are at greatest risk and they respond poorly to standard therapies.
Subject(s)
BCG Vaccine/adverse effects , Mycobacterium Infections/etiology , Mycobacterium bovis/isolation & purification , Tuberculosis, Bovine/complications , Vaccination/adverse effects , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , BCG Vaccine/immunology , Cattle , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/complications , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/microbiology , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Iran/epidemiology , Male , Mycobacterium Infections/epidemiology , Mycobacterium Infections/microbiology , Mycobacterium bovis/immunology , Retrospective Studies , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Griscelli syndrome type 2 is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by pigmentary dilution and occurrence of acute phases of hemophagocytosis. The disease is caused by mutations in RAB27A gene, coding a small GTPase involved in terminal phases of cytotoxic granule/melanosome exocytosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We describe the result of mutation analysis among nine patients from seven non-related Persian families. We present four novel mutations including a deletion hot spot (514del 5). CONCLUSION: This hot spot is flanked by "direct repeats" of nucleotides, which are previously shown to be associated with areas of recurrent small deletions.
