ABSTRACT
A population-based HIV-1 seroprevalence survey of 4,086 individuals, aged 15-49 years, in the North Mara district of Tanzania from rural, periurban, and urban areas, including high-risk (prostitutes, and co-workers) individuals, was performed in 1989 and 1990. The overall seroprevalence was 7.3% (95% confidence interval, 6.5-8.1), with a gradient of seropositivity from high-risk 13.0% (9.1, 16.8), urban 8.8% (7.6, 10.0), periurban 6.5% (4.7, 8.4), to rural 2.6% (1.6, 3.7) subjects. Adjusted for population group, HIV-1 seroprevalence was significantly elevated for men over age 24 and for women 20-34 years old, while age-specific prevalence rates were similar for men and women in the rural area. Recent treponemal infection, measured by the rapid plasma reagin test, was not associated with HIV-1 seropositivity in men or women. These data suggest a growing HIV-1 epidemic paralleling rising rates in other rural areas of Africa distant from areas that have been previously recognized as having high prevalence.
Subject(s)
HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV Seroprevalence , HIV-1/immunology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Confidence Intervals , Female , HIV Antibodies/blood , HIV Infections/complications , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Odds Ratio , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Rural Population , Sex Factors , Syphilis/complications , Syphilis/epidemiology , Syphilis Serodiagnosis , Tanzania/epidemiology , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
A seroepidemiological survey in the Mara Region of Tanzania investigated a randomly selected population between the ages of 15 and 49 in rual and urban areas; as well as a group including high-risk individuals. Reports on 1272 individuals confirm HIV-1 seropositivity in the rural area at under 3 percent; HLTV-1 is present. Preliminary results in the other two groups suggest a higher seroprevelance
Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , HIV Infections , HIV SeroprevalenceABSTRACT
Candida carriage and syphilis antibodies were investigated in rural; urban and high risk populations in the Mara Region. Over 10 percent of subjects were oral Candida albicans carriers; 6 percent of subjects were confirmed as positive for syphilis antibodies. In the largely rural subjects where correlation is possible so far; there is no association between candida carriage or syphilis antibodies and HIV-1 infection
Subject(s)
Candidiasis/epidemiology , HIV InfectionsABSTRACT
A seroepidemiological survey in the Mara Region of Tanzania investigated a randomly selected population between the ages of 15 and 49 in rural and urban areas; as well as a group including high-risk individuals. Reports on 1272 individuals confirm HIV-1 seropositivity in the rural area at under 3 percent; HLTV-1 is present. Preliminary results in the other two groups suggest a higher seroprevelance
Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology , HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV Seroprevalence , Retroviridae Infections/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Candida carriage and syphilis antibodies were investigated in rural; urban and high risk populations in the Mara Region. Over 10 percent of subjects were oral Candida albicans carriers; 6 percent of subjects were confirmed as positive for syphilis antibodies. In the largely rural subjects where correlation is possible so far; there is no association between candida carriage or syphilis antibodies and HIV-1 infection
