ABSTRACT
Little research exists on social isolation and health among widows despite their marginalization in South Asia. Using a conceptual framework that delineates distinct forms of social support, our results provide a preliminary analysis of the role social support plays in the well-being of Nepali widows. Between 2011 and 2012, we conducted 42 in-depth interviews in the Kathmandu valley and Surkhet district. Low social support was a common theme, principally lacking in the domains of emotional and instrumental support and was described as increasing women's vulnerability to mistreatment and economic insecurity. Policies and programs that foster these types of support may have positive effects on widows' well-being.
Subject(s)
Health Status , Social Isolation , Social Support , Widowhood/psychology , Adaptation, Psychological , Adult , Aged , Emotions , Female , Humans , Interviews as Topic , Middle Aged , Nepal , Qualitative Research , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Self-harm and interpersonal violence are important causes of death among women in Nepal. We analysed prospectively collected data to investigate the extent and nature of injury-related deaths among married women aged 15-49 years, recorded through verbal autopsy in rural Sarlahi District, Nepal. METHODS: Verbal autopsies were systematically collected on all deaths of married women of reproductive age (15-49â years) over a 3-year period (1994-1997) as part of a randomised community-based trial of maternal vitamin A and ß-carotene supplementation. This analysis included a three-way comparison of verbal autopsy data: qualitative free-response narratives, closed-ended responses, and physician-assigned consensus cause of death. RESULTS: We focused on 46 of 559 deaths (8.2%) that were determined to be injury-related. Of the 46, 28% were identified as intentionally self-inflicted, and 11% as intentionally inflicted by another. Inconsistencies were noted between verbal autopsy reports of causes of deaths and physician assessments. Conflicts within the family figured prominently in the narratives. Women with unstable family situations and suffering from mental illness were often described as having experienced violent deaths. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight that intervention efforts might be necessary especially in situations where there are poor family dynamics or mental health issues in order to prevent potential intrafamily violence and possible death. Results also point to the need for further documentation of violent deaths in rural Nepal.
Subject(s)
Violence/statistics & numerical data , Wounds and Injuries/mortality , Adolescent , Adult , Cause of Death , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Nepal/epidemiology , Population Surveillance , Qualitative Research , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Wounds and Injuries/etiology , Young AdultABSTRACT
Myocardial activity was noted on a lung scan performed following the i.v. administration of Tc-99m macroaggregated albumin. The patient had primary pulmonary hypertension with a right-to-left shunt through a functionally patent foramen ovale.
Subject(s)
Heart Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Heart Septum , Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnostic imaging , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Albumins , Cardiomegaly/etiology , Coronary Vessels/diagnostic imaging , Female , Heart Diseases/complications , Heart Diseases/physiopathology , Heart Septum/physiopathology , Humans , Hypertension, Pulmonary/complications , Infarction/complications , Lung/blood supply , Lung/pathology , Radionuclide Imaging , Sclerosis , TechnetiumABSTRACT
A patient presenting with signs and symptoms attributable to meningeal carcinomatosis was found to have metastasizing prostatic carcinoma at autopsy. Microsopically, the primary and metastatic carcinomas exhibited mucus production. Only 3 cases of meningeal carcinomatosis owing to prostatic carcinoma are cited in the literature, none of which is documented adequately.
