ABSTRACT
The no-reflow phenomenon is a poorly understood complication of percutaneous coronary intervention in which diminished blood flow to distal microvascular beds persists despite the successful treatment of the occlusive lesion from the epicardial coronary artery or arteries. In this contemporary review we endeavour to discuss the pathophysiology of coronary no-reflow, understand the predictors and describe current pharmacological and mechanical strategies to prevent and treat coronary no-reflow.
Subject(s)
Coronary Circulation , No-Reflow Phenomenon/drug therapy , No-Reflow Phenomenon/physiopathology , Adenosine/therapeutic use , Animals , Diltiazem/therapeutic use , Humans , Nicardipine/therapeutic use , Nicorandil/therapeutic use , Nitroprusside/therapeutic use , No-Reflow Phenomenon/therapy , Prostheses and Implants , Vasodilator Agents/therapeutic use , Verapamil/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a highly prevalent clinical problem associated with significant mortality and morbidity. In the United States alone, it is estimated that DVT affects approximately 50 per 100,000 people per year. This results in >600,000 inpatient and outpatient treatments per year and accounts for approximately 100,000 deaths from thromboembolic complications. Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is associated with serious long-term physical, social and economic sequelae for patients. In this article, we attempt to perform a contemporary review of the literature pertaining to the use of thrombolytic therapy and endovascular thrombectomy in the treatment of acute DVT.
Subject(s)
Thrombectomy/methods , Thrombolytic Therapy/methods , Venous Thrombosis/therapy , Acute Disease , Humans , Thrombectomy/trends , Thrombolytic Therapy/trends , Venous Thrombosis/complicationsABSTRACT
Angioplasty and stenting have become routine practice for the treatment of significant obstructive atherosclerotic vascular disease. This method of revascularization has a longer history concerning coronary artery disease but is becoming an increasingly used modality of revascularization in the peripheral circulation. Neointimal formation is the pathological basis for restenosis after revascularization procedures such as angioplasty, stenting, and bypass grafting. While restenosis is less of a problem in the coronary circulation with the advent of drug-eluting stents, it continues to be a problem however in the peripheral arterial system. Current treatments to prevent restenosis include pharmacologic, mechanical and cellular approaches which we will discuss in this manuscript.
