ABSTRACT
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is common in elderly patients. Lower-extremity CT angiography (LE-CTA) can be useful for detecting PAD and planning its treatment. PAD can also be accurately evaluated on reconstructed monoenergetic images (MEIs) from low kiloelectron volt (keV) to high keV images using dual-energy CT. Low keV images generally provide higher contrast than high keV images but also feature more severe image noise. The noise-reduced virtual MEI reconstruction algorithm, called the Mono+ technique, was recently introduced to overcome such image noise. Therefore, this pictorial review aimed to present the imaging findings of PAD on LE-CTA and compare low and high keV images with those subjected to the Mono+ technique. We found that, in many cases, the overall and segmental image qualities were better and metal artifacts and venous contamination were decreased in the high keV images.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence rates of externalizing symptom, ADHD, as well as internalizing symptoms, depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, self-esteem, and alcohol problem in Korea juvenile delinquency for the first time in Korea. A case-control study design was used. It also examined the associations with ADHD, suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and alcohol problem between the Juvenile Delinquency group and the comparison group in Korea.A series of questionnaires were provided to a total of 251 participants (149 from the juvenile delinquency group and 102 from the comparison group) from October 2015 to December 2015 in Korea. All participants were evaluated using KARS, SSI, BDI, BAI, RSI, and CAGE. This study showed the relationship between ADHD, suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and alcohol problem in Korean juvenile delinquency. Also this study showed that ADHD and self-esteem were important factors in predicting juvenile delinquency. Therefore, in order to prevent juvenile delinquency, special attention, and consideration are needed for adolescents with high ADHD or low self-esteem.
