ABSTRACT
Lead selenide thin films composed of nanoparticles and laminar structures were deposited on glass substrates by a chemical bath deposition technique, and then thermally oxidized in oxygen atmosphere at an annealing temperature of 400 °C for 20 min. The particles and laminar structures deposited were randomly dispersed and well crystalized according to the hexagonal structure with the preferential orientation (200). The energy dispersive spectrum analysis confirms that the heat treatment introduced oxygen elements into the thin film while reducing the amount of iodine and selenium. The structural, surface morphological and electrical properties of the thin film were determined using various techniques including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive and X-ray analysis. A 3×3 mm² sized photoconductive detector was patterned, and its IR response under a blackbody radiation was also discussed.
ABSTRACT
An O-band DFB laser heterogeneously integrated on bulk-silicon platform is presented. A high wall plug efficiency of over 8% up to 70°C is achieved due to efficient heat dissipation from III/V active region to silicon platform. The single-mode operation is maintained in a wide current range with side-mode suppression ratio over 45dB. This result completes the optical device library suite for the bulk-silicon platform used in most semiconductor products.
ABSTRACT
We report an asymmetric immunoaggregation assay for rapid, label-free, and sub-picomolar protein detection. Asymmetric immunoaggregated beads (AIBs) are formed when binding occurs between 1 µm magnetic (MG) and 2.8 µm polystyrene (PS) beads coated with specific antibodies for a target antigen. Detection of such aggregation is achieved by optical monitoring of AIBs in a flow under an external magnetic field. AIBs are attracted to the upper surface of the microchannel by a magnetic field and made to slide along the surface by a flow drag force. This sliding behavior is in contrast with other particles such as MG and PS beads; while attracted MG beads hardly slide due to their small size, PS beads quickly move with the flow due to the lack of magnetism. Sliding AIBs are optically monitored in a designated sensing area in the microchannel. A custom-built program code is used for counting the AIBs and further analysis of parameters such as velocity and number distributions that are correlated with target concentrations. The detection range from 54 pg mL-1 to 54 ng mL-1 is demonstrated for the influenza type A H1N1 nucleoprotein (NP). This immunosensing system is simple, highly sensitive, and capable of quantitative detection of antigens in a single test without fluorescent or enzyme labeling, hence is useful for the rapid detection of biomarkers in clinical and biomedical applications.
Subject(s)
Immunomagnetic Separation , Microfluidic Analytical Techniques , Equipment Design , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Immunomagnetic Separation/instrumentation , Immunomagnetic Separation/methods , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype , Limit of Detection , Microfluidic Analytical Techniques/instrumentation , Microfluidic Analytical Techniques/methods , Nucleocapsid Proteins , RNA-Binding Proteins/analysis , Video Recording , Viral Core Proteins/analysisABSTRACT
Hirame rhabdovirus (HIRRV) is an important virus of cultured flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). We tested the protective immunogenicity of DNA-based vaccines against this virus. Genes encoding the nucleocapsid protein (N) and the C-terminal half of the glycoprotein (G) were amplified by RT-PCR and separately cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA 3.1. The G protein expressed by transfected cells was detected by western blot analysis. PCR analyses demonstrated the presence of injected plasmids in fish muscle tissue at 14 days post injection. Immunocytochemistry of muscle tissue injected with the plasmid DNA showed expression of the target protein in myofibrils and sarcoplasm. Flounder fry with an average weight of 3 g were injected with 5 microg of plasmid DNA and challenged at 21 days after immunization. Fish injected with vector DNA or PBS showed >95% cumulative mortality by 16 days after inoculation with the virus. In contrast, fish injected with plasmids containing the N gene, G gene, or N + G gene mixture showed 70, 5, and 2.5% cumulative mortality, respectively. These results show that the G gene is effective for the induction of protective immunity against HIRRV infection in injected fish.
