ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: Pathologic myopia is a leading cause of vision loss worldwide and is most prevalent in developed nations in East and Southeast Asia. Although the pathophysiologic mechanisms behind pathologic myopia have yet to be elucidated, the process is thought to stem from excessive axial elongation of the globe and subsequent degeneration of vital structures within the posterior segment. The array of complications that arise from this condition can lead to significant visual impairment. The purpose of this article is to review the classification, pathophysiology, complications, and management of pathologic myopia.
Subject(s)
Myopia, Degenerative , Humans , Vision Disorders/etiologySubject(s)
Blindness/chemically induced , Choroid Hemorrhage/chemically induced , Pulmonary Embolism/drug therapy , Retinal Detachment/chemically induced , Thrombolytic Therapy/adverse effects , Aged , Blindness/diagnostic imaging , Choroid Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Point-of-Care Testing , Pulmonary Embolism/diagnosis , Retinal Detachment/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To determine the long-term visual and surgical outcomes of patients with acute retinal necrosis (ARN) associated retinal detachment (RD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: The authors conducted a single-center, retrospective chart review from 2001 to 2012 of 32 eyes from 27 patients diagnosed with ARN. The authors assessed the rates and risk factors for recurrent RD in eyes having undergone primary RD repair for ARN-related RD. RESULTS: Fifteen eyes (46.9%) developed RD and 13 underwent surgical repair. Recurrent RD developed in six eyes (46.2%), occurring 35 days to 10 months after primary retinal surgery. There was no difference in the rate of recurrent RD between eyes treated with or without intravitreal foscarnet (P = .48) or initial scleral buckle (P = .31). Six eyes (46.2%) developed severe vision loss, with a final Snellen visual acuity of less than 20/200. CONCLUSION: Recurrent RD after primary repair is a frequent complication of ARN. Overall, visual prognosis is guarded despite surgical intervention. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2016;47:660-664.].
Subject(s)
Retina/pathology , Retinal Detachment/surgery , Retinal Necrosis Syndrome, Acute/complications , Scleral Buckling/methods , Visual Acuity , Vitrectomy/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retina/surgery , Retinal Detachment/diagnosis , Retinal Detachment/etiology , Retinal Necrosis Syndrome, Acute/diagnosis , Retinal Necrosis Syndrome, Acute/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To report a case of a corneal ulcer caused by an unusual pathogen. DESIGN: Case report. METHODS: Clinical review describing initial presentation, course, and outcome of 1 patient with a corneal ulcer caused by Kingella denitrificans. RESULTS: A 77-year-old man with a prior history of 4 penetrating keratoplasties in the right eye for herpes simplex virus keratitis presented with a 3-day history of a red painful right eye. On examination, he was found to have a corneal ulcer identified by culture as K. denitrificans. CONCLUSIONS: Although Kingella spp. is not a common ocular pathogen, it can infect the cornea, especially when the host immune defense is altered.
