ABSTRACT
After thoroughly studying the chronology of the therapeutic use of wood creosote, we obtained novel findings on its botanical origin. Furthermore, we could demonstrate the importance of differentiating between wood creosote and coal tar creosote, which is clearly stipulated by Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
Subject(s)
Botany/history , Creosote/history , Pharmacopoeias as Topic/history , Animals , Creosote/therapeutic use , Creosote/toxicity , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Humans , JapanABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Duodenal lymphangitis carcinomatosa has been sporadically described, but so far little attention has been paid to duodenal lymphangitis carcinomatosa. METHODS: Four cases with duodenal lymphangitis carcinomatosa were endoscopically and histologically examined. RESULTS: The four cases exhibited multiple polypoid lesions along the Kerckring's folds and/or were covered by characteristically granular, non-ulcerated mucosa upon thickening. The granularity seems to been caused by dilated lymph vessels containing the carcinoma cells. The lesions were microscopically characterized by: (i) involvement of lymph vessels located in the upper portion of the lamina propria; (ii) no inflammatory changes; and (iii) no desmoplastic changes. Primary sites were thought to be the stomach in case 1, the pancreas in cases 2 and 4, and unknown in case 3. All patients died within 6 months after admission or endoscopic examination. CONCLUSIONS: As duodenal lymphangitis carcinomatosis shows characteristic endoscopic appearance, endoscopic diagnosis is not difficult. We should realize that the lesion represents extremely poor prognosis, and it should be distinguished from ordinary metastatic duodenal carcinoma.
