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1.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 45(6): 306-317, nov. - dec. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-226828

ABSTRACT

Introducción La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) recomienda las intervenciones tempranas de rehabilitación y movilización en pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19. Los beneficios de la fisioterapia precoz, durante la estancia hospitalaria, no han sido probados en ensayos clínicos. Objetivo Evaluar los efectos de la fisioterapia precoz y educación para la salud en pacientes COVID-19 hospitalizados, en relación con los síntomas descritos en estudios previos, analizando diferencias entre grupos respecto a su acondicionamiento físico, necesidad de oxigenoterapia y estancia hospitalaria. Metodología Ensayo clínico aleatorizado con dos brazos, desarrollado en unidades de hospitalización y cuidados respiratorios intermedios (UCRI), con pacientes COVID-19. Se incluyeron 64 sujetos en el grupo experimental (implementación de un programa de fisioterapia precoz tras 48-72 horas de ingreso) y 62 en el grupo control (tratamiento habitual del centro). Variables sociodemográficas y clínicas: escala de disnea modified Medical Research Council (Mmrc), oxigenoterapia, Medical Research Council Scale sum score (MRC-SS), 30 segundos sit to stand test (30 s-STST), fuerza de prensión manual (FPM), Tinetti, escala de fragilidad (FRAIL-España) y escala Post-COVID-19 Functional Status (PCFS). Se evaluaron al ingreso, al alta y a los dos meses del alta. Resultados Los experimentales tuvieron menos días de ingreso y de oxigenoterapia convencional. Al alta, presentan menor riesgo de caída (72,9 vs. 95,8%) y menor debilidad en MRC-SS (2,1 vs. 14,6%). A los dos meses tenían menor fragilidad (5,0 vs. 14,5%), mayor fuerza de prensión manual, menos disnea, mejores resultados en 30s-STST y menos limitaciones post-COVID (86,5 vs. 96,4%) (AU)


Introduction The WHO recommends early rehabilitation and mobilization interventions in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. The benefits of early physiotherapy, during the hospital stay, have not been proven in clinical trials. Objective To evaluate the effects of early physiotherapy and health education in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, in relation to the symptoms described in previous studies, analyzing differences between groups regarding their physical conditioning, need for oxygen therapy and hospital stay. Methodology Randomized clinical trial with two arms, developed in hospitalization and intermediate respiratory care units, with COVID-19 patients. Sixty-four patients included in the experimental group (implementation of an early physiotherapy program after 48–72 h of admission) and 62 patients in the control group (usual treatment of the center). Sociodemographic and clinical variables: mMRC, oxygen therapy, MRC-SS, 30 s-STST, FPM, Tinetti, FRAIL-España and PCFS. They were evaluated on admission, discharge and two months after discharge. Results The experimental patients had fewer days of admission and conventional oxygen therapy. At discharge, they present a lower risk of falling (72.9% vs. 95.8%) and less weakness in MRC-SS (2.1% vs. 14.6%). At two months they had less frailty (5.0% vs. 14.5%), greater hand grip strength, less dyspnea, better results in 30s-STST and fewer post-COVID limitations (86.5% vs. 96.4%). Conclusión The intervention of early physiotherapy in COVID-19 patients and the health education received, prevents muscle weakness during admission, improves physical conditioning at discharge and two months later, and reduces the days of hospital stay (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Health Education , /rehabilitation , Physical Conditioning, Human , Physical Therapy Modalities , Treatment Outcome , Length of Stay , Oxygen Inhalation Therapy
2.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 34(4): 154-160, jul.-ago. 2012.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-111238

ABSTRACT

Objetivo Comprobar la eficacia de un tratamiento de fisioterapia perineal en mujeres con incontinencia urinaria (IU). Se buscó determinar la mejoría objetiva y la percepción de la calidad de vida, así como la relación entre dicha mejoría y el cumplimiento posterior del tratamiento en domicilio. Pacientes y métodos Estudio observacional prospectivo: 46 mujeres con IU que reciben tratamiento de fisioterapia perineal durante el año 2010. Las pacientes fueron evaluadas antes del tratamiento y a los 3 meses. Se analizaron tanto variables objetivas (analizadas con el test de la t de Student) como subjetivas. Resultados Se observó que la realización de los ejercicios abdominoperineales en el domicilio disminuyó significativamente (p<0,001) las variables objetivas (frecuencias miccionales total, diurna y nocturna, y frecuencia de pérdidas de orina), especialmente el número de pérdidas de orina (reducción del 52%). Por el contrario, las pacientes que no realizaron los ejercicios mejoraron (p<0,001) solo en las variables relacionadas con la reeducación de hábitos miccionales (frecuencias miccionales total y diurna). Se demostró que dos tercios de las mujeres tenían percepción de mejoría tras la realización de los ejercicios abdominoperineales. Conclusiones Las pacientes con IU que recibieron el tratamiento de fisioterapia perineal presentaron una mejoría objetiva y subjetiva. Su eficacia está relacionada con la continuidad en el tiempo en la realización de los ejercicios abdominoperineales (AU)


Objective This study aimed to verify the efficacy of perineal physiotherapy in women suffering from urinary incontinence (UI). It was aimed to determine objective improvement, perception of improvement in the quality of the patient's life, and the relation between said improvements and subsequent treatment compliance in the home. Patients and methods A prospective observational study was performed in a sample of 46 female patients suffering from UI who received perineal physiotherapy during 2010. Patients were assessed before receiving treatment and again three months after initiation of treatment. Objective (analyzed with the Student's T test) and subjective variables were analyzed. Results Our study has shown that implementation of the abdominoperineal physical exercises in the home significantly decreased (P<.001) objective indicators of UI (total voiding frequency, daytime voiding frequency, nighttime voiding frequency, urine leakage frequency), especially the number of urine leakage which showed a 52% reduction. On the contrary, patients unwilling to implement the prescribed physical exercises at home only experienced improvement (P<.001) in the indicators related to the reeducation of their voiding habits (total voiding frequency, day-time voiding frequency). The study also showed that 2/3 of the sampled patients perceived some improvement after having completed their abdominoperineal physical exercises. Conclusions UI patients receiving perineal physiotherapy experienced both objective and subjective improvement in their condition. The efficacy of the treatment is apparently a function of the patients’ perseverance to carry out the prescribed abdominoperineal physical exercises over time (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Urinary Incontinence/rehabilitation , Clinical Protocols , Exercise Movement Techniques/methods , Pelvic Floor Disorders/rehabilitation
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