ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: There are different clinicopathological characteristics that are associated with the prognosis in patients with breast cancer. To date, the prognostic valor of for epithelial cadherin (E cadherin) expression in invasive lobular breast cancer remains unknown. METHODS: A retrospective single-center study that included 207 patients with primary invasive lobular breast cancer was conducted. The primary outcome was to report the correlation of the different clinical pathological characteristics including the expression of epithelial-cadherin (E-cadherin) in invasive lobular breast cancer in Mexican women with recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: After 11 years of follow-up of patients with invasive lobular breast cancer, RFS was 89.4% and OS of 96.1%. The best prognosis in RFS was in patients with negative nodes 95.2% (P = 0.0001) and OS was 98.6-100% (P = 0.0001). Regarding tumor size, an RFS of 98.3% was observed in those measuring ≤ 2 cm (P = 0.0001) and OS of 99.2% (P = 0.0001). Negative Her2 was related to an RFS of 92.1% (P = 0.0001), and had better OS of 98.3% (P = 0.0001). Ki67 proliferation index ≤ 14% was associated with an RFS of 93.2% (P = 0.005). Negative lymph vascular invasion (LVI) increases the RFS of 91.8% (P = 0.032). The rate of positive expression of E-cadherin was associated with an increase in the RFS of 97.4%, with a mean of 128.6 ± 2.4 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 123.75 - 133.45 months) compared to the absence of expression E-cadherin: signal log ratio (SLR) 68.9%, a mean of 95 ± 6 months (95% CI: 83.28 - 106.88 months), P <0.001. When the OS was analyzed, the presence of E-cadherin expression increased the OS of 100% vs. 86.9% with the absence, P = 0.015. CONCLUSIONS: The prognostic impact of the different clinicopathological characteristics known worldwide was confirmed. Results of the analysis in the presented study indicate that positive expression of E-cadherin correlates with an improvement in OS and RFS in invasive lobular breast cancer in Mexican women.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Gallbladder disease and cardiovascular disease share risk factors. Both have a great impact on the economics of health systems. There is evidence suggesting an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with gallbladder disease, but the association of gallbladder disease with other risk factors for cardiovascular disease is unclear. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between cholecystectomy for gallstone disease and risk factors for cardiovascular disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a case-control study comparing subjects undergoing cholecystectomy with controls without gallbladder disease or cholecystectomy. Demographic, anthropometric, and biochemical data were recorded and risk factors for cardiovascular disease were assessed. The data were analysed with chi square test, student t test and logistic regression (univariate and multivariate). RESULTS: Seven hundred and ninety-eight subjects were included. The multivariate analyses demonstrated that, compared with controls, cases had an increased prevalence of metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease (odds ratio (OR) 2.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.8-4.8, p = 0.001), including type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.1-4.5, p = 0.018), high blood pressure (OR 5.1, 95% CI 2.6-10.1, p = 0.001), and high cholesterol levels (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.3-5.5, p = 0.004). No differences were observed in the incidence of cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSION: Patients undergoing cholecystectomy had an increased prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease, independent of age, sex, or body mass index.
