ABSTRACT
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to examine the interparabronchial septum as a potential site of lymphatic drainage in the lungs of anesthetized chickens (Gallus domesticus). Birds were subjected to extracellular fluid volume expansion in order to produce hydrostatic pulmonary edema via increased pulmonary capillary fluid flux into the interstitial spaces of the lung. Micrographs obtained from freeze-dried lungs of volume-loaded birds were compared with similarly prepared lungs from normal control chickens, which were not volume loaded. The adjacent parabronchi of the control lungs were closely opposed by a minimal septal space, whereas the interparabronchial septal space of the volume-loaded birds was measurably thickened and appeared to be engorged as a result of hydrostatic pulmonary edema. The results of this study are consistent with observations of the lungs of mammals subjected to hydrostatic pulmonary edema and suggest that the interparabronchial septum may be a potential route of lymphatic drainage in the avian lung.
Subject(s)
Bronchi/ultrastructure , Chickens , Poultry Diseases/pathology , Pulmonary Edema/veterinary , Animals , Extracellular Space , Hydrostatic Pressure , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Pulmonary Edema/etiology , Pulmonary Edema/pathologyABSTRACT
Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the interparabronchial septa of chickens as a potential site of lymphatic drainage in the avian lung. Anaesthetized chickens were subjected to extracellular fluid volume expansion to produce pulmonary oedema as a result of increased capillary fluid flux into the interstitial spaces of the lung. In normal (control) chickens, the adjacent parabronchi were separated by a minimal septal space. In the "volume-loaded" birds, however, the interparabronchial septal spaces were measurably thickened and engorged as a result of hydrostatic pulmonary oedema. These results, which were consistent with reports of the effect of hydrostatic pulmonary oedema in mammals, suggest that the interparabronchial septum is a potential route of lymphatic drainage in the avian lung.
Subject(s)
Chickens , Lung/physiopathology , Poultry Diseases/pathology , Pulmonary Edema/veterinary , Water-Electrolyte Balance/physiology , Animals , Bronchi/ultrastructure , Extracellular Space , Extravascular Lung Water , Hydrostatic Pressure , Lung/blood supply , Lung/pathology , Lymphatic System/ultrastructure , Male , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Pulmonary Edema/etiology , Pulmonary Edema/pathologyABSTRACT
An open trial was carried out on 63 patients in London to assess the efficacy of 1% rifampicin eye ointment in comparison with 1% chloramphenicol eye ointment in the treatment of sexually transmitted TRIC infection of the eye. Patients included were selected on the basis of positive cultures for Chlamydia trachomatis. Three weeks' treatment with rifampicin eye ointment used 3 times daily was not sufficient to cure the disease, but a 6 or 7 week course gave 90% clinical and microbiological cure rate. Treatment with chloramphenicol eye ointment 3 times daily for 4 to 6 weeks failed to cure the disease.
