ABSTRACT
We investigated the value of ultrasonography (USG) and ultrasound-guided aspirations in diagnosis and treatment of acute inflammation of soft tissues in maxillofacial region and neck. We performed 174 USG in 136 patients (73 with abscesses and phlegmons, 27 with acute lymphadenitis, 16 with inflamed cysts, 12 with parotitis, 3 with sialolithiasis and 5 with diseases, simulated acute inflammation). Ultrasound-guided aspirations performed in 35 patients. We considered USG to be useful diagnostic tool in acute inflammation of soft tissues in maxillofacial region and neck. USG allowed to determine localization and stage of inflammation, discriminate it from non-inflammatory diseases and improve assessment of its dynamics. Ultrasound-guided aspirations was a valuable tool for diagnostic and treatment purposes in inflamed cysts.
Subject(s)
Inflammation/diagnostic imaging , Maxilla/ultrastructure , Mouth Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Neck/diagnostic imaging , Face/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Lymphadenitis/diagnostic imaging , Periodontal Abscess/diagnostic imaging , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
In 19 rabbits, lower branches of facial nerve were experimentally sectioned and sutured to its middle branches to form a 'side to end' pattern with 2 to 3 epineural sutures. Morphological investigation showed that regenerating axons of the middle branch penetrate into the sutured trunk and grow further. The technique was applied in 7 patients. Full functional recovery was evidenced in 4 of them. The technique is recommended for clinical routine.
Subject(s)
Facial Nerve/surgery , Anastomosis, Surgical/methods , Animals , Facial Nerve/physiology , Male , Microsurgery/methods , Nerve Regeneration/physiology , Postoperative Period , Rabbits , Suture Techniques , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Leg Injuries/complications , Respiration , Skull Fractures/complications , Animals , Dogs , Humans , Hydrocortisone/therapeutic use , Leg Injuries/drug therapy , Leg Injuries/physiopathology , Parasympathomimetics/therapeutic use , Skull Fractures/drug therapy , Skull Fractures/physiopathologyABSTRACT
In experiments on 30 animals and in observations over the course of acute closed craniocerebral trauma in 24 patients is was found that the course and prognosis of a posttraumatic period were dependent on the functional activity of the sympathoadrenal system and cholin- and serotoninergic processes. Based on the data obtained, it is concluded that the character of neurohumoral interrelations can serve as the prognostic criterion in craniocerebral traumas, whereas the information about these processes--in selecting the appropriate therapy.
Subject(s)
Acetylcholine/blood , Brain Injuries/blood , Catecholamines/blood , Cholinesterases/blood , Neurotransmitter Agents/blood , Serotonin/blood , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , PrognosisABSTRACT
Experimental studies on dogs and clinical examinations of patients with brain injuries permitted to state that the activity of the sympathicoadrenal system in the posttraumatic period is increased. The cholinergic processes in such conditions are inhibited, the concentration of blood serotonin is decreased. Depending upon the character of changed neurohumoral blood factors the parameters of external respiration (hypotachypnoe with respiratory acidosis) are also changed. In such condition hydrocortison fulfills the normalizing effect on the respiratory function only in a stimulation of the inhibited cholinergic system by cholinomimetics.
Subject(s)
Brain Injuries/drug therapy , Hydrocortisone/therapeutic use , Parasympathomimetics/therapeutic use , Respiration , Acetylcholine/blood , Adult , Animals , Brain Injuries/metabolism , Brain Injuries/physiopathology , Cholinesterases/blood , Dogs , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Hydrocortisone/administration & dosage , Male , Middle Aged , Parasympathomimetics/administration & dosage , Serotonin/bloodABSTRACT
White rats were subjected experimentally to head injury, and also observations were made on them and on 12 patients with head injuries. It was found that injection of cholinesterase brought back to normal function the endogenous cholinesterase system, the adrenal cortex and the properdine--albumin complex system. Stabilization of these indices of homeostatic activity improved the chances of survival of the animals and patients. It was concluded that it would be desirable to administer cholinesterase more frequently in the treatment of head injury.