[The cytopathic and cytogenetic sequelae of chronic inhalational exposure to formaldehyde on female germ cells and bone marrow cells in rats]. / Tsitopaticheskie i tsitogeneticheskie posledstviia khronicheskogo ingaliatsionnogo vozdeistviia formal'degida na zhenskie polovye kletki kostnogo mozga krys.

A study was made of cytopathological and cytogenetic effects of formaldehyde chronic inhalation, in doses 0.5 and 1.5 mg/m3, on the female rat's germ and marrow cells. The harmful effect of formaldehyde on germ cells (according to the patterns of early embryogenesis) is noted under the dose 1.5 mg/m3 only, while the reliable clastogenic and cytogenetic effects on the marrow cells were revealed even in the dose 0.5 mg/m3. It is concluded that the differences between effects of small doses of formaldehyde on different cell systems were evidently caused by the specific cell dynamics of these systems.

[Structural and functional indices of disturbances of oocyte maturation in androgenized rats after induction of ovulation with pregnant mare's serum and luliberin]. / Strukturnye i funktsional'nye pokazateli narusheniia sozrevaniia ootsitov u androgenizirovannykh krys posle induktsii ovuliatsii syvorotkoi zhereboi kobyly i liuliberinom.

The ultrastructure of oocytes from large follicles and the meiotic maturation rate of preovulatory oocytes of intact and androgenized rats were studied. The oocytes of defeminized animals were characterized by the lack of organelles and by changes of their structure. According to the rate of meiosis they were divided into two groups. The one entered the II stage metaphase earlier than in the control, the other was characterized by a slower chromosome transformation.

Urethane-induced lung adenomas in the first-generation progeny of irradiated male mice.

A carcinogenic effect of urethane on the first-generation progeny of irradiated male mice was investigated. Seventy SHR male mice were exposed to a single total-body X-ray irradiation at a dose of 4.2 Gy. Each of these animals was then caged with three intact females for 7 days. Thirty non-irradiated males were handled in the same way. Three-month-old offspring of irradiated (F1i) and control (F1c) males were treated with urethane at a total dose of 50 mg/animal (0.1 ml of 10% urethane water solution was injected five times at 3-day intervals). Three months after the first injection animals were killed and the lung adenomas found were studied. A group of animals kept until natural death revealed leukemia and mammary tumors. The frequency of lung-tumor-bearing animals was equal in both F1i and F1c groups. However, 12.9% of F1i mice had greater than 11 adenomas per animal (average 17.6 +/- 1.36 tumor nodes/mouse; maximum 35 nodes). The portion of such animals in the F1c was only 6.6% (average 14.0 +/- 0.77 nodes/mouse; maximum 18 nodes). The size of tumors did not differ significantly in the two groups. The incidence and latency of leukemia were similar in both groups, though the first case was registered earlier in F1i. A tendency to a higher frequency and earlier development of mammary adenocarcinomas was noted in the experimental group. The data obtained evidence the increased cancer risk in the progeny of irradiated male mice to be one of the genetic consequences of ionizing radiation.

[Interrelation of the hormonal indices and the cytologic characteristics of the germ cells]. / Vzaimosviaz' mezhdu gormonal'nymi pokazateliami i tsitologicheskoi kharakteristikoi polovykh kletok.

The analysis of the maturation of follicular oocytes as well as of the state of gametes after induction of ovulation with PMSG or with GnRH in intact and androgenized rats revealed the dependence of the heterogeneity extent (in morphologic and chromosomal damages) of population of germ cells maturing in vivo and in vitro upon the character of gonadotropin regulation disturbances of folliculogenesis. Stable disorder of reproductive function (androgenization) is followed by a significant increase in number of abnormal gametes under its hormonal correction.

[Human extracorporeal fertilization with subsequent successful embryo implantation and the birth of a child]. / Ekstrakorpoal'noe oplodotvorenie u cheloveka s poslediushchei uspeshnoi implantatsiei émbriona i rozhdeniem rebenka.

With the aim to use a previously elaborated method of extracorporeal fertilization of human ova for treating sterility, resulted from obstruction or absence of the uterine tubes, ova were obtained at laparoscopy after a previous hormonal stimulation of women. From 119 women 159 ova were obtained. Fertilization of the ova was performed in the medium Ham F-10 previously capacitated with the husband's spermatozoa. Fertilization rate was 66%. Embryos at the stage of 2-8 blastomeres were implanted transcervically into the uterine cavity with a special catheter. The embryo transfer was performed in 37 women with tubular infecundity. Menoschesis up to 3 weeks was noted in 5 women. In one woman on the 35th day after implantation, by means of hormonal-biological reaction and ultrasound investigation, pregnancy was diagnosed, it terminated in timely birth of a boy with body mass 3,500 gr. A conclusion was made that the main cause of failures at the embryo transfer was an inadequate preparation of the uterine mucosa (resulted from the main disease) to accept the fertilized ovum.

[Changes in the nature of the estrous cycle and gametogenesis during superovulation stimulation in rats at different stages of the cycle]. / Izmenenie kharaktera éstral'nogo tsikla i gametogeneza pri stimuliatsii superovuliatsii u krys v raznye stadii tsikla.

Estrous cycle, ovulation rate and gamete quality were studied in rats with superovulation induced on different days of the cycle. It was shown that the rat ovaries in estrous were most sensitive to the action of gonadotropins. Heterogeneity in the ovulation rate was noted in animals at the same phase of the cycle. There was a relative increase in the number of gametes with chromosomal alterations in experimental rats, with the value depending on the stage of the cycle when PMS was injected. The study of the estrous cycle in rats with superovulation induced on different days of the cycle has revealed strong hormonal influences on the sequence of stage alterations.

[Effect of an estrogen-progestin preparation alone and in combination with amizil on the structure and electrophoretic parameters of oocytes and early rat embryos]. / Vliianie estrogen-progestinovogo preparata i ego kombinatsii s amizilom na strukturu i élektrofiziologicheskie parametry ootsitov i rannikh émbrionov krys.

An increasing contraceptive effect at a combined administration of steroid drugs with neurotropic substances--M-cholinolytic benactyzine, makes the problem on the character and mechanism of their action. In the experiments performed in rats, under effect of ethinyl estradiol and norethisteron acetate, and especially at their combination with benactyzine, the first signs of overmaturation are revealed in oocytes situating in the follicular cavity. Therefore, oocytes revealed in the rat fallopian tubes leave behind the development of the control oocytes. The drugs investigated, influencing maturation and ovulation mechanisms of oocytes, produce certain physiological and morphological changes in ovaries of the test rats. This, evidently, defines the mechanism of their elevated contraceptive action. Overmaturation of oocytes in follicles, ovulation at later developmental stages results in increasing amount of degenerative forms of embryos and in disturbance of their development.

[Ultrastructure of rat oocytes during the induction of superovulation]. / Ul'trastruktura iaitsekletok krys pri induktsii superovuliatsii.

The ultrastructure of ovocytes, fixed no later than 4-5 hours after the beginning of ovulation, the number of cells with the signs of organelle alterations is increased. This is presumably connected with a change in conditions of hormonal regulation of late stages of gametogenesis.

[The state of gametes and the type of maturation of follicular oocytes in rats neonatally androgenized by LH-RH-induced ovulation]. / Sostoianie gamet i kharakter sozrevaniia follikuliarnykh ootsitov u neonatal'no androgenizirovannykh krys s indutsiruemoi LG-rilizing-gormonom ovuliatsiei.

The character of follicular oocyte maturation and the state of gametes in androgenized rats was studied after LH-RH stimulation. The induction of ovulation with LH-RH has been shown to increase the number of rats with nonovulatory follicules and reduce the number of oocytes maturing prior to the onset of metaphase II. After the induction of ovulation the rate of chromosomal aberrations became higher than in intact animals. Ovulated oocyte population was characterized by the increased number of degenerated gametes. This increase was paralleled by decreased incidence of chromosomal aberrations in ovulated cells.

[Effect of LH releasing hormone on the state of gametes and the maturation of follicular oocytes in vitro]. / Vliianie LG-rilizing-gormona na sostoianie gamet i kharakter sozrevaniia follikuliarnykh ootsitov vne organizma.

Ovulation, gametogenesis and maturation of rat follicular oocytes were examined in vitro under the effect of single and repeated injections of LH-RF. It was shown that LH-RF injection led to incomplete ovulation and to alteration of the heterogeneity of the gametes as regards the degree of maturation and the number of the degenerating forms. At the same time it did not produce any substantial effect on the rate of chromosomal abnormalities. The pattern of maturation of follicular oocytes from rats given LH-RH attests to the enhancement of atresia in the ovaries.