Effects of oral contraceptives on the prevalence of alveolar osteitis after mandibular third molar surgery: a retrospective study.

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of oral contraceptives on the incidence rate of alveolar osteitis (AO) following the surgical extraction of both impacted mandibular third molars. This retrospective study reviewed the clinical records of patients who presented to the oral surgery clinic of a university school of dentistry for the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Using a database search, all patients were categorized by sex, age, occurrence of AO, and whether the females were taking oral contraceptives at the time of surgery. The patient was considered positive for AO if either one or both sockets developed AO. The incidence of AO among women taking oral contraceptives at the time of impacted mandibular third molar extraction differed significantly from that in the other patient groups. AO occurred in 37.9% (11/29) of females taking oral contraceptives, while only 8.9% (16/179) of females who were not taking oral contraceptives at the time of extraction developed AO. The total incidence of AO among females was 13.0% (27/208). The total incidence of AO among the 363 males and females presenting for mandibular third molar extractions was 13.8%. Females who are taking oral contraceptives at the time of impacted mandibular third molar extraction are at a higher risk of developing AO following extraction.

Moclobemide versus clomipramine in the treatment of depression: a multicentre trial in Spain.

The efficacy, tolerability and safety of moclobemide were compared with those of clomipramine in a double-blind, randomized parallel group study over 4 weeks. Patients were suffering from various forms of depression: 33 received moclobemide and 31 clomipramine. The mean score on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression decreased gradually in both groups, with no significant differences between them; the final scores showed an improvement of 57% in the moclobemide group and 60% in the clomipramine group, compared with baseline. The investigators' assessment of efficacy at the end of treatment was good or very good for 60% of moclobemide patients and 50% of clomipramine patients, and tolerance was good or very good for 31 patients on moclobemide and 26 on clomipramine. The drugs thus showed comparable antidepressant efficacy, and both were mostly well tolerated, although adverse events were more prevalent in patients treated with clomipramine.

[Schizophreniform conditions in adolescent drug users differentiation possibilities using objective personality inventories]. / Uber schizophreniforme Zustandsbilder bei jugendlichen Drogenkonsumenten - Differenzierungsmöglichkeiten mittels objektiver Persönlichkeitsinventare

The authors report on schizophreniform states in juvenile drug consumers. The following psychodiagnostic instruments have been used in this investigation: a list of complaints, a self-estimation scale, a psychosis-depression-neurosis inventory (v. Zerssen), the Freiburg personality inventory (FPI, Fahrenberg, Selg and Hampel). According to clinical-psychopathological data in the course of psychosis, three groups of patients (N = 21) have been formed and defined as schizophrenia-, borderline-, intoxication-psychosis-groups. The report describes the procedure of two discriminant analyses by which the said three groups have been selected. In addition to methods of a cross section approach, the necessity of longitudinal observations is discussed by means of an own clinical example, considering also observations described in the literature.