Exploring associations between multidimensional frailty and oral health in community-dwelling older people. A pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the associations between four validated multidimensional self-report frailty scales and nine indices of oral health in community-dwelling older persons. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This pilot study was conducted in a sample of 208 older persons aged 70 years and older who visited two dental practices in the Netherlands. Frailty status was measured by four different self-report frailty questionnaires: Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI), Groningen Frailty Indicator (GFI), Sunfrail Checklist (SC), and the Sherbrooke Postal Questionnaire (SPQ). Oral health was assessed by two calibrated examiners. RESULTS: The prevalence of frailty according to the four frailty measures TFI, GFI, SC, and SPQ was 32.8%, 31.5%, 24.5%, and 49.7%, respectively. The SC correlated with four oral health variables (DMFT, number of teeth, percentage of occlusal contacts, Plaque Index), the TFI with three (number of teeth, percentage of occlusal contacts, Plaque Index), the GFI only with DPSI, and the SPQ with the number of teeth and the number of occlusal contacts. CONCLUSION: Of the studied multidimensional frailty scales, the SC and TFI were correlated with most oral health variables (four and three, respectively). However, it should be noticed that these correlations were small. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The SC and TFI might help to identify older people with risk of poor oral health so that preventive care can be used to ensure deterioration of oral health and maintenance of quality of life. Vice versa early detection of frailty by oral care professionals could contribute to interprofessional management of frailty.

Oral bisphosphonates: Adverse effects on the oral mucosa not related to the jaw bones. A scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Oral bisphosphonates are widely used in the treatment of bone resorptive diseases. There is an evidence that oral bisphosphonates can exert adverse effects on the oral mucosa independently of their effects on the jaw bones. OBJECTIVE: To systematically map the literature on adverse effects of oral bisphosphonates on the oral mucosa of adults with bone resorptive diseases. DESIGN: Scoping review of the literature, including different study designs. METHODS: Systematic searches of the PubMed, LILACS, Google Scholar and EMBASE databases were conducted. Two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts according to predetermined criteria. RESULTS: The search retrieved 26 unique articles, comprising 22 case reports, one case series and three reviews describing a total of 56 cases of oral adverse events related to oral bisphosphonates. 88% of the reported cases were female suffering from comorbidities other than metabolic bone diseases. The improper use of the oral bisphosphonate was the most suspected cause of the adverse effect on the oral mucosa. Its management mainly involved withdrawal of the medication. CONCLUSION: Adverse effects on the oral mucosa can develop from using oral bisphosphonates. Standardised registration of these adverse effects in university clinics and private practises could provide additional information about their occurrence and severity.