ABSTRACT
To study the source and role of circulating phospholipase A2 (PLA2) catalytic activity we monitored the serum from patients with necrotizing pancreatitis (n = 8), diffuse peritonitis (n = 6), and multiple injuries (n = 11). Immunoreactive PLA2 serum protein concentration was analysed using a fluoroimmunoassay based on an antibody against human pancreatic PLA2. Serum PLA2 catalytic activity was analysed using a radiochemical method based on a substrate with tritiated palmitic acid in beta position. In necrotizing pancreatitis immunoreactive PLA2 and PLA2 catalytic activity both increased. Obviously, in necrotizing pancreatitis the major part of serum catalytic activity stems from the pancreas. In patients with diffuse peritonitis and multiple injuries, as a rule, immunoreactive phospholipase A2 serum concentration appears to be within the normal range. In contrast, in these patients we demonstrated high serum catalytic PLA2 activity comparable to that in necrotizing pancreatitis. The source of catalytic PLA2 activity in peritonitis and multiple injuries seems not to be the pancreas. There was a correlation between pulmonary insufficiency and serum PLA2 catalytic activity in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis, peritonitis, and multiple injuries.
Subject(s)
Multiple Trauma/enzymology , Pancreatitis/enzymology , Peritonitis/enzymology , Phospholipases A/blood , Phospholipases/blood , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Critical Care , Female , Fluoroimmunoassay , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Phospholipases A2 , Prognosis , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Total heart replacement was performed in 7 calves. All animals were alive at 3 weeks, and four survived more than 2 months up to 121 days. Failure of the pumping equipment was responsible for death in each case. At autopsy increase both in size of the right atrium and of liver weight and evidence of thromboembolism were regular findings.
Subject(s)
Heart, Artificial , Postoperative Complications , Thromboembolism/etiology , Animals , Cattle , Female , Heart Atria/pathology , Heart, Artificial/instrumentation , Liver/pathology , Male , Mortality , Organ SizeABSTRACT
This is a report on the special regulation problem of the left blood pump after replacement of the natural heart by incorporated extracorporally driven blood pumps in an animal experiment. The consequence of the peripheral self-regulation on the transporting capacity of the bloodpumps considering the driving pressure and the systemic pressure losses has been investigated. Two possible controlling principles and the respective fields of application are discussed on the example of a lung oedema.
Subject(s)
Heart, Artificial , Animals , Cardiac Output , Cattle , Heart, Artificial/adverse effects , Hemodynamics , Mathematics , Oxygenators , Pressure , Pulmonary Edema/etiologyABSTRACT
It is reported on 10 calves surviving total artificial heart replacement more than 100 hours. Pneumatically driven double-chambered blood pumps made of silastic were implanted. During the experiments an increase of the right atrial pressure as well as a rise of the perfusion volumes (CO) and of the blood volumes could be found regularly. At autopsy congestion of the organs especially of the liver was a regular finding. The changed hemodynamic is first seen as possible reason for this developments. The influence of anemia and the possible disturbances in the neurohumoral autoregulation of the animals by unphysiologic pressure curves are discussed.
Subject(s)
Heart, Artificial , Animals , Arteries/physiopathology , Ascites , Blood Volume , Cattle , Female , Hematocrit , Hemodynamics , Liver/pathology , Liver Circulation , Male , Organ Size , Oxygen Consumption , Pulmonary Edema , Vascular ResistanceABSTRACT
According to our own experiences it is not advisable to implant the Sparks-Mandril in an extremity which gangrene. The ideal case for implantation is the patient with short walking distance and an unsuitable vena saphena magna. The prothesis is useful for the femoro-crural bypass procedure. The thrombogenicity of the Mandril can be neglected by heparinization of the patient or after careful perfusion of the prothesis.
Subject(s)
Blood Vessel Prosthesis , Extremities/blood supply , Bacterial Infections/complications , Blood Coagulation , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Extremities/surgery , Femoral Artery/surgery , Foreign-Body Reaction , Gangrene/complications , Humans , Leg/blood supply , Leukocytes , Polyethylene Terephthalates , Surgical Wound Infection , Thrombosis/etiologyABSTRACT
Some patients with Sparks arterial bypass graft show just during the operation a thrombosis in the prothesis. After the rubber rod has been pulled off, thrombogenic substances can be washed out of the prothesis-lumen. They shorten the clotting time of the patients' venous blood. 1000 ml 0.0% NaCl prevent this early thrombosis in the arterial bypass graft.
