[More and higher claims for damages: analysis of claims for damages in Dutch hospital care 2007-2016]. / Meer en hogere schadeclaims.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the number and extent of claims concerning hospital care at a national level, thereby affording insight to the profession. DESIGN: A quantitative, descriptive and comparative study. METHOD: We used anonymised data on all claims for damages from regular hospital care that were submitted to Centramed and MediRisk between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2016. Between them, these two companies are the insurers of 95% of all Dutch hospitals. Using SPSS and Mathematica, we analysed the number of claims submitted, the average duration of the procedures, the manner in which they were settled, developments in the total cost of claims, and the settlements paid out to claimants. RESULTS: A total of 15,115 claims were made between 2007 and 2016. Up to 2013, the number of claims increased annually, thereafter this stabilised. In 2016, 4.5% more claims were submitted than in 2007. During the same period, 15,306 claims were closed. The total claim-related cost was € 229,191,033 and showed a clearly rising trend throughout this period. In 2016 the cost of claims was four-and-a-half times as high as in 2007. CONCLUSION: The number of claims being made is rising, but not as quickly as the cost of claims which increased fivefold during the period under investigation. Compared with previous investigations, both the number and the extent of the claims increased significantly between 2007 and 2016.

[Effects of amalgam fillings on the mercury concentrations in amniotic fluid and breast milk]. / Der Einfluss von Amalgamfüllungen auf die Quecksilberkonzentrationen in Fruchtwasser und Muttermilch.

Human amniotic fluid was gained from 95 pregnant women by amniocentesis (group 1) and from 20 women during delivery (group 2). The concentrations of inorganic mercury in amniotic fluid as assessed directly by cold-vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry (CV-AAS) averaged 0.29 +/- 0.1 microgram/l in group 1 and 0.86 +/- 0.25 microgram/l in group 2. Surface areas of dental amalgam fillings were also estimated in these women and ranged between 0 and 930 mm2. There was no correlation between the surface area of maternal amalgam fillings and the concentrations of inorganic mercury in amniotic fluid (r = -0.122 and -0.069, respectively). Furthermore, no positive correlation existed between amalgam fillings and the concentration of total mercury in maternal blood (4.48 +/- 2.33 micrograms/l) and in neonatal blood (3.28 +/- 1.57 micrograms/l) as measured by CV-AAS in group 2 (r = -0.4 and -0.12, respectively). Concentrations of total mercury were also measured by CV-AAS in the breast milk of 86 women, five to ten days after delivery. These concentrations averaged 1.9 +/- 1.6 micrograms/l and were also not significantly correlated to the maternal amalgam surface areas (r = 0.188). In conclusion, maternal amalgam fillings are of no importance for the mercury load of the fetus and the neonate.