[Spatial Genetic Structure of the Crested Auklet (Aethia cristatella Pallas, 1769) Colony as Inferred from Data on the Mitochondrial DNA Control Region and Microsatellite Loci].

The effect of philopatry on the formation of the intrapopulation structure in the crested auklet colony of the Talan Island, Taui Bay of the Sea of Okhotsk, was examined. The nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial DNA control region fragment (408 bp) and five microsatellite loci (Apy03, Apy04, Apy06, Apy07, Apy10) in individuals from two study plots of the colony were examined. A high genetic diversity (h = 0.999 ± 0.003) and the absence of intrapopulation genetic differentiation was observed at both types of markers. Thus, despite the high level of nest-area fidelity in breeding adults, no genetic isolation was revealed for crested auklets from different parts of the Talan Island colony.

[Genetic diversity of Swan goose (Anser cygnoides l.) in Russia: analysis of the mitochondrial DNA control region polymorphism].

Using to analysis of hypervariable fragment polymorphism in the control region of mitochondrial DNA (268 bp), the genetic variability of Swan goose Anser cygnoides L., included in the first category of endangered species in the Russian Red Book, has been investigated. Samples from the two main groups nesting in Russia-the Far Eastern group (Khabarovsk krai, n = 38) and the Dauric group (Chita region, n = 10) were examined. Eleven haplotypes were described. The genetic diversity of Swan geese was low comparable with that observed in some other globally endangered Eurasian goose species. Nucleotide and haplotype diversity of goose from Khabarovsk krai was 0.0031 and 0.65, respectively; in those from Chita region, 0.0041 and 0.80; and for in total group, 0.0074 and 0.77, respectively. No identical haplotypes in Swan goose from Far Eastern and Daurical groups have been demonstrated. However, the small sample size does not allow us to make final conclusions on the degree of genetic differentiation between these groups.

[The results of clinical trials and the prospects of using the Soviet preparation of human recombinant interferon alpha-2 (reaferon) in medical practice]. / Rezul'taty klinicheskikh ispytanii i perspektivy primeneniia v meditsinskoi praktike otechestvennogo rekombinantnogo preparata chelovecheskogo interferona al'fa-2 (reaferona).

The results of the clinical trials of human recombinant interferon alpha-2 (reaferon) make it possible to come to the conclusion that the preparation is well-tolerated and produces a pronounced therapeutic effect in a number of viral and oncological diseases. The Pharmacological Committee of the USSR has recommended reaferon for use in acute hepatitis B, hairy cell leukemia, renal cancer at stage IV, disseminated sclerosis, ocular herpes. The use of reaferon has been found to be promising in the treatment of papillomatosis of the larynx, Kaposi's sarcoma, mycosis fungoides, chronic myeloleukemia.

[An experimental study of human recombinant gamma interferon with a proteolytically reduced C-end area of the protein]. / Eksperimental'noe izuchenie rekombinantnogo chelovecheskogo gamma-interferona s proteoliticheski redutsirovannym C-kontsevym uchastkom belka.

The work presents the results of experimental study of gamma interferon obtained by gene engineering techniques on the basis of Escherichia coli producer strains. The study has revealed that gamma interferon, whose molecular weight is 15 KD, due to intracellular proteolytic degradation shows the absence of some amino acids at the C-end of protein and is electrophoretically homogeneous, while its antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulating effects are less pronounced than those of gamma interferon with a molecular weight of 18 KD.

[Release of polyoma virus from transformed human cells]. / Vysvobozhdenie poliomavirusa iz transformirovannykh kletok cheloveka.

Virus reproduction and activation were studied in human cells transformed with human polyoma virus. At the stage of spontaneous viral production, such methods of activation as somatic hybridization and DNA transfection were successful. Special methods of viral activation (treatment with mitomycin C and DEAE--dextran, and subsequent homologous DNA transfection) were required when viral production by cells ceased completely.

[Genome expression of the DNA-containing human papovavirus in transformed human cells]. / Ekspressiia genoma DNK-soderzhasgchego virusa gruppy papova cheloveka v transformirovannykh kletkakh cheloveka.

In the course of study of the transformed cells of line 63 the phenomenon of cyclically repeated transitory infection of the level of separate cells accompanied by the periodically isolated DNA-containing virus has been shown. Virus reproduction was judged by the determination of the infectious and hemagglutinating activities and radioactivity. The application of activation methods (co-culturing, somatic hybridization and cells treatment with mytomycin C) led to the increase of virus synthesis in the transformed cells of line 63 during spontaneous production of it. We failed to express viral genome in refractor phase.

[Pathogenic properties of the human papovavirus in the golden hamster model]. / Izuchenie patogennykh svoistv papovavirusa cheloveka na modeli zolotistykh khomiachkov.

Human papovavirus isolated from human malignant paraganglioma was found to have pathologic relevance to golden hamsters of varying age inducing sarcomas in adults, when given intracerebrally, and lesions of central nervous system in newborns inoculated subcutaneously. T-antigen, immunologically related to that of SV40 was detected in tumor cells. Infectious papovavirus, identical to human one, was isolated from brain tissues of sick hamsters.

[Stable cell line from a malignant human paraganglioma and its virological study]. / Stabil'naia kletochnaia liniia iz zlokachestvennoi paragangliomy cheloveka i ee virusologicheskoe izuchenie.

Under in vitro cultivation of 14 soft tissue malignant human tumors there were obtained two cell lines: from cells of hypernephroma (Hn-7) and malignant paraganglioma (Par-1). The transfer of the cultured Par-1 cells medium to recipient cells CET enabled obtaining the transformed cell line 63. This line possesses all the features of in vitro growing tumor cells: it results in tumor growth in young Syrian hamsters, when injected retrobuccally, and in newborn animals injected percutaneously, also it yields cell colonies growth in semiliquid agar. The cultured line 63 ran through more than 100 passages, its isoenzymic assay indicates that it belongs to a human type and differs from cells HeLa, the karyotypic pattern shows the number of chromosomes to be close to the dyploid number in man. In the cell line 63 there is the synthesis of two viruses: RNA-containing one belonging to the orthomixo-group and DNA-containing one belonging to human oncoviruses of the Papova group.

[Helper viruses of adeno-associated virus type 4 replication]. / Virusy-pomoshchniki replikatsii adenoassotsiirovannogo virusa tipa 4.

In replication of adeno-associated virus type 4 (AAV-4) the helper function may be performed by a non-defective virus from the same group of parvoviruses (Kilham virus). The synthesis of AAV-4 antigen was observed in a pig embryo kidney cell line, SPEV, chronically infected with Kilham virus, strain RV-13, 45--52 passages. A one-day-old SPEV-Kilham culture was infected with AAV-4. The AAV-4 antigen was detected by immunofluorescence at 6, 8, 12, 18 hours, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days after inoculation. During the first 2--4 days after inoculation the AAV-4 antigen was found in the nucleus and perinuclear zone, later in the cytoplasm. A "new" helper virus for AAV-4 replication has been found: simiancytomegalovirus in human embryo fibroblast cell culture permissive for the helper virus. In the systems where AAV-4 replicates, its antigen can be detected in the nucleus and perinuclear zone by IF. AAV-4 did not replicate in a system insensitive to the helper virus or under non-permissive conditions: at the time, the AAV-4 antigen localized only in the cell cytoplasm was detected.

[Properties of viruses isolated from human fibroblasts culture treated by paraganglioma culture filtrate]. / Svoistva virusov, vydelennykh iz kul'tury fibroblastov cheloveka, obrabotannoi fil'tratom kul'tury paragangliomy.

In the human fibroblasts culture, transformed by the material from malignant paraganglioma culture, there was found the RNA- and DNA containing virus synthesis. The RNA-containing virus with a buoyant density of 1.16--1.18 g/ml shows no hemagglutinating activity, it fails to infect newborn Syrian hamsters, and produces no transformation-destruction changes in mammalian tissue culture. The DNA-containing virus with a buoyant density of 1.24--1.28 g/ml would agglutinate the guinea-pig and group 0 human erythrocytes, produces lesions in newborn Syrian hamsters, and cytodestructive changes in the culture of rat and mice embryonal cells and in cells of a transplantable line Vero. In terms of its properties it may be referred to human viruses of the Papova group. A combined action of DNA- and RNA-containing viruses produces a transformation effect on embryonal hamster cells and the cells of a transplantable line Vero.

[Antigens of adeno-associated viruses in children dying from acute respiratory disease]. / Antigeny adenoassotsiirovannykh virusov u detei, umershikh ot ostrogo respiratornogo zabolevaniia.

Infection with adeno-associated viruses (AAV) early in life and extensive dissemination of these viruses in infants were discovered by detection of AAV antigen by the fluorescent antibody procedure in autopsy materials from infants dying of acute respiratory viral diseases. AAV antigens were found in cells from various organs of infants aged 2,5, 7, 9 days and older. In each individual case AAV of the same serological type was found in different organs. In 4-months-old twins AAV antigens of the same serotypes, 1 and 4, were found in the trachea, lungs, liver, kidney, brains. Out of 21 infants dying of adenovirus infection, 20 had AAV antigens the distribution of which in cells of various organs was analogous to that of the adenovirus antigen, with a few exceptions. Three infants had no adenovirus infection and no AAV antigne. In the other 6 infants no adenovirus antigen but AAV antigens were found. In the latter cases herpes virus infection is not excluded. Possible modes of transmission of AAV infection are discussed.