[Transplacental transmission of the causative agent in experimental rickettsial infection]. / Izuchenie transplatsentarnoi peredachi vozbuditelia pri éksperimental'no i rikketsioznoi infektsii.

It was shown in the experiments on the model of typhus infection in guinea-pigs that the pathogenic organism can be inherited by foetus from the mother's organism in the period of acute infection. It is confirmed by the presence of positive seroconversion in 86% of born offsprings and the character of the immunity response after the control infection that is the initial formation of immunoglobulins of form G (Ig G). At the same time there was no such a transfer of pathogenic organisms in 14% of offsprings. This fact is testified by the absence of seroconversion and the initial formation of immunoglobulins of form M (Ig M) with following formation of immunoglobulins of form G (Ig G) after control infection rickettsia Prowazekii.

[Q fever in the western region of Ukraine]. / Likhoradka Ku v zapadnom regione Ukrainy.

Multiple natural and mixed foci of Q fever have been revealed at the territory of six administrative regions of the western part of the Ukraine. Coxiella burnetii strains have been isolated from small animals and ticks, the specific features of their ecology in Poles'e and forest-steppe zones have been determined. The necessity of the study of natural foci of Q fever at not yet surveyed territories for at least 3-4 years has been substantiated.

[Optimal combined use of rifampicin and immunomodulator of microbial origin in experimental Q-Rickettsia infection]. / Optimizatsiia kombinirovannogo primeneniia rifampitsina s immuno- moduliatorom mikrobnogo proiskhozhdeniia pri éksperimental'nom Ku-Rikketsioznoi infektsii.

Multifactorial analysis of the combined use of rifampicin and an immunomodulator of the microbial origin, such as peptidoglycan, was performed on a model of experimental Q fever in albino mice. On the basis of the experimental results, statistic polynomial models describing the weight of the murine spleens and the titers of the complement-binding antibodies were designed. It was shown that the action of the immunomodulator and antibiotic was highly synergistic with respect to the chemotherapeutic activity and antibody titers. The preventive use of the immunomodulator yielded a 30-fold decrease in a rifampicin therapeutic dose. The use of the immunomodulator also provided a pronounced immunomodulating effect with respect to humoral immunity. Nomographs for optimizing the dose-time parameters of the antibacterial and immunomodulating therapy were plotted.

[Chemotherapeutic effectiveness of doxycycline in experimental Q fever]. / Khimioterapevticheskaia éffektivnost' doksitsiklina pri éksperimental'noi Ku-rikketsioznoi infektsii.

Comparative chemotherapeutic efficacy of doxycycline administered orally or parenterally was studied on a model of experimental Q fever in guinea pigs and albino mice. The advantage of the parenteral use of the antibiotic was observed only in the treatment of the albino mice. Optimization of the doses and time of doxycycline use providing the maximum therapeutic effect and the required levels of the complement binding antibodies was achieved with employing the multifactorial analysis.

[The detection of Rickettsia prowazekii in the vectors of louse-born typhus Pediculus humanus by using monoclonal antibody-based preparations]. / Vyiavlenie Rickettsia prowazekii v perenoschikha sypnogo tifa Pediculus humanus s ispol'zovaniem preparatov na osnove monoklonal'nykh antitel.

The results of this investigation indicate that preparations obtained on the basis of monoclonal antibodies have proved to be suitable for the detection of R. prowazekii antigens in the natural carrier of typhus when used in all types of the enzyme immunoassay; of these, the assay made by the capture method has been found to possess the highest sensitivity. The testing of the sensitivity limits has shown that this method known as ELISA-mu-capture, i.e. ELISA carried out with the use of antibodies to the mu chain of human immunoglobulin, is capable of detecting the antigen in a dose of 0.5-1 ng. Preparations based on monoclonal antibodies to species-specific R. prowazekii antigen permit the identification of the causative agent of typhus in its natural carrier within 24 hours.

[The effect of antibiotics and immunostimulants on rickettsial persistence in experimental typhus infection]. / Vliianie antibiotikov i immunostimuliatorov na persistirovanie rikketsii pri éksperimental'noi sypnotifoznoi infektsii.

A model of experimental typhus infection has shown that not only specific protection factors but also nonspecific ones are very important to remove Rickettsia prowazekii from macroorganisms. A complex application of antibiotics and drugs increasing immunobiological reactivity of the organism (prodigiosan, methyl uracil) noticeably decreases the rickettsia persistence level in the organism of experimental animals, the indices of specific and nonspecific protection being increased.

[The biological properties of Rickettsia burnetii isolated in the northwestern Ukrainian SSR]. / Biologicheskie svoistva rikketsii Berneta, vydelennykh na severo-zapade Ukrainskoi SSR.

Biological properties of two strains of the Burnet rickettsia isolated in the natural foci of the Q fever in the northwest of the Ukrainian SSR are studied. Strain "Gishin" was characterized by high virulence for the laboratory animals and considerably exceeded the strain "Politsa" in the virulent properties. Antigen of phase I prepared from the strain "Politsa" was highly active in revealing the corresponding antibodies. The high-sensitive reaction of indirect immunofluorescence has shown the possibility to determine antibodies to phase I of the agent already from the 17th day after infection. Circulation of the Q fever agent with different virulent properties has indicated the necessity of purposeful diagnosis of this sickness both among the acute fever diseases and among flaccid course, subclinical and chronic ones not excluding the etiological role of the Burnet rickettsia.

[Activation of Rickettsiae prowazekii in the composition of immune complexes by antiglobulin serum]. / Aktivatsiia rikketsii provacheka v sostave immunnykh kompleksov antiglobulinovoi syvorotkoi.

The antiglobulin serum (AGS) against spotted fever immunoglobulin of guinea pigs was studied for its effect on the in vitro created immune complex rickettsiae + antibody in experiments using the procedure of laboratory cultivation of Rickettsiae prowazekii according to Weigl. The biological activity of the pathogen is shown to be restored under the action of AGS. This fact may be used for detecting the antigen + antibody complexes in case of the spotted fever and for studying their role in the relapsive forms of the disease.

[Antibiotic sensitivity of the erythromycin-resistant strain E of Rickettsia prowazekii cultured in the vector's body]. / Izuchenie chuvstvitel'nosti k antibiotikam ustoichivogo k éritromitsinu shtamma E Rickettsia prowazekii pri kul'tivirovanii v organizme perenoschika.

Experiments on the laboratory cultures of lice infected by Weigl's method revealed that the spontaneous, erythromycin-resistant mutant of R. prowazekii strain E, adapted to the vector's organism, retained its resistance to erythromycin during 50 successive passages without the maintenance concentrations of this antibiotic. The above strain remained sensitive to tetracycline and levomycetin. Its level of sensitivity to the latter antibiotics was similar to that of R. prowazekii strains cultivated in the vector's organism for a long time.

[Characteristics of the antitoxic immunity in persons inoculated with chemical typhus vaccine]. / Kharakteristika antitoksicheskogo immuniteta u privitykh khimicheskoi sypnotifoznoi vaktsinoi.

The determination of toxin-neutralizing antibodies in the sera of persons immunized with chemical typhus vaccine revealed that immunization made both in a single injection and in two injections resulted in the development of antitoxic immunity practically in all vaccinees. No toxin-neutralizing antibodies could be detected 6 months after immunization. The booster injection made at that period resulted in the development of antitoxic immunity which was as pronounced as that developing after primary immunization. In the blood sera of the vaccines the titers of toxin-neutralizing antibodies practically did not differ from those of complement-fixing antibodies.

[Preventive effect of several antibiotics in experimental rickettsial infections]. / Izuchenie profilakticheskogo deistviia nekotorykh antibiotikov pri éksperimental'noi rikketsioznoi infektsii.

Dibiomycin, biomycin, and biomycin in combination with erythromycin (antibiotics with a wide range of action) used once or in interrupted courses produced a distinct prophylactic effect in experimental rickettsia infection in guinea pigs. The most pronounced prophylactic action was observed when chemoprophylaxis was combined with immunization with inactivated typhud vaccine. Formation of typhus immunity was seen when such chemoprophylaxis scheme was followed.

[The effect of various antibiotics on the formation of typhus antibodies following immunization with typhus vaccine]. / Vliianie nekotorykh antibiotikov na formirovanie protivosypnotifoznykh antitel pri immunizatsii sypnotifoznoi vaktsinoi.

It was shown that administration in the course of one week, before or after a single use of killed or chemical typhoid vaccine of dibiomycin, biomycin, or biomycin in combination with erythromycin in comparatively high doses produced no negative effect of the production of typhus antibodies and the intensity of antitoxic immunity in albino mice. The same antibiotics failed to influence the antibody formation in guinea pigs if they produced no toxic effect on the animals; but in case of development of toxic phenomena connected with the administration of the mentioned antibiotics a strong depression of antibody production was observed in guinea pigs.