[The combined action of sinusoidal modulated currents and ultrasound in the treatment of chronic gastroduodenitis in children]. / Sochetannoe vozdeistvie sinusoidal'nymi modulirovannymi tokami i ul'trazvukom v lechenii khronicheskikh gastroduodenitov u detei.

The paper summarizes the results of clinical observations and special examinations conducted in 45 children with chronic gastroduodenitis by using combined exposure to sinusoidal modulated currents and ultrasound. The dynamics of clinical symptoms, functional status of the stomach and its adjacent gastroduodenal organs, endoscopic findings, morphological status of the gastroduodenal mucosa, gastric mucosal dissemination of Helicobacter pylori, systemic and regional humoral immunological parameters, abdominal echography indicate high therapeutical efficiency of the combined therapy as compared to that performed in controls (without physiotherapy). Mechanisms of formation of therapeutical action are clarified, differentiated indications are defined.

[Histologic changes in the lungs and heart in children with extrahepatic blockade of the portal circulation]. / Gistologicheskie izmeneniia legkikh i serdtsa u detei s vnepechenochnoi blokadoi portal'nogo krovoobrashcheniia.

The lungs and heart of 16 children with extrahepatic block of portal circulation who had died of esophageal-gastric bleeding and postoperative complications were studied histologically. The signs of restructuring of the lung microcirculation bed showing development of secondary pulmonary hypertension were observed in all the patients regardless of the duration and degree of portal hypertension. This was manifested in hypertrophy of the artery walls of the 2nd and 3rd order, hyperelastosis and sclerosis of their intima. "Arterialization" of the wall of the lobular and interlobular veins, arterio-venous, veno-venular and glomus anastomoses, focal alveolar proteinosis, hyperplasia and metaplasia of bronchial epithelium were observed. Irregular hypertrophy and degeneration of cardiomyocytes up to necrosis of some units were found in the heart. Pericellular and perivascular sclerosis developed in the subendocardial areas.

[Sinusoidal modulated currents in the therapy of chronic gastroduodenitis in children]. / Sinusoidal'nye modulirovannye toki v terapii khronicheskogo gastroduodenita u detei.

Clinical and special tests have found that sinusoidal modulated currents in childhood chronic gastroduodenitis produce positive changes in clinical symptoms, secretory and motor functions of the gastroduodenal zones, endoscopic picture, gastroduodenal mucosa morphology, immunologic indices, associated diseases. The authors have developed differential indications for treatment of children with gastroduodenitis using sinusoidal modulated currents.

[Morphological changes in the stomach and duodenum in chronic liver diseases of HB viral etiology]. / Morfologicheskie izmeneniia zheludka i dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki pri khronicheskikh zabolevaniiakh pecheni HB-virusnoi étiologii.

Morphologic investigation of 72 gastroduodenal biopsy samples from 29 children with chronic persistent and chronic active hepatitis, hepatic cirrhosis, revealed signs of chronic gastroduodenitis. The degree of the gastroduodenal zone lesion was directly related to severity of the primary condition. Comparative data on histopathological changes in the stomach and duodenum in concurrent pathologies suggest that chronic duodenitis may be the primary condition.

[Alpha 1-adrenergic receptors in the liver parenchyma of children: the changes in cirrhosis]. / Al'fa 1-adrenergicheskie retseptory v parenkhime pecheni u detei: izmeneniia pri tsirroze.

In the present study alpha 1-adrenergic receptors have been investigated in liver parenchyma, obtained at the resection of prehepatic portal hypertension children without parenchymal affection (control group, n = 7) and the resection of children in parenchymal affection (group of cirrhosis, n = 8). It has been shown, that the binding of alpha 1-adrenergic antagonist 3H-prasozin (3H-PRZ) in liver parenchyma membranes of both control and cirrhosis groups is saturable and shows a high affinity. The Scatchard analysis of the binding data indicated that the binding site is characterized by Kd and Bmax of 0.6 +/- 0.12 nM, 92.8 +/- 8.0 fmol/mg, respectively, for the control group; and 1.5 +/- 0.4 nM, 254.1 +/- 28.4 fmol/mg, respectively, for the group of cirrhosis; (mean +/- SEM). It has been found that the number of binding sites of 3H-PRZ significantly increases in cirrhosis liver parenchyma in comparison with the control group. The results obtained suggest that alpha 1-adrenergic receptors play an important role in cirrhosis formation in children, showing liver parenchyma affection severity and its regenerative properties.

[Adrenergic receptors in the liver parenchyma in children with chronic hepatitis]. / Izuchenie adrenergicheskikh retseptorov v parenkhime pecheni u detei pri khronicheskom gepatite.

In the present study adrenergic receptors have been investigated in liver parenchyma, obtained at the resection of extrahepatic portal hypertension children without parenchymal affection (control group, n-7) and the resection of children in parenchymal affection (group of chronic hepatitis children, n-6). It has been shown, that the binding of beta-adrenergic radioligand 3H-dihydroalprenolol (3H-DHA) in liver parenchyma membranes of both control and chronic hepatitis groups was saturable and showed high affinity. The Scatchard analysis of the binding data indicated that the binding site was characterized by Kd and Bmax of 1.2 +/- 0.5 nM, 261.2 +/- 50 fmol/mg, respectively, for the control group; and 0.9 +/- 0.15 nM, 68.5 +/- 18.8 fmol/mg, respectively, for the group of chronic hepatitis patients; (mean+SEM). The binding of alpha 1-adrenergic antagonist 3H-prazosin (3H-PRZ) in liver parenchyma was also saturable and showed high affinity. The binding site is characterized by Kd = 0.6 +/- 0.12 nM, Bmax = 92.8 +/- 8.0 fmol/mg, for the control group; and Kd = 0.8 +/- 0.15 nM, Bmax = 195.0 +/- 22.0 fmol/mg, for the group of chronic hepatitis. It has been found that the number of binding sites of 3H-DHA significantly decreased and the number of binding sites of 3H-PRZ did not change in chronic hepatitis liver parenchyma in comparison with the control group. The results obtained suggest the important role of beta-adrenergic receptors in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis and in liver regeneration in children.

[Collagen and fibronectin of the liver in children with congenital fibrosis, an extrahepatic portal circulation block and post-hepatitis cirrhosis (an immunohistochemical study)]. / Kollagen i fibronektinn v pecheni detei pri vrozhdennom fibroze, vnepechenochnoi blokade portal'nogo krovoobrashcheniia i postgepatitnom tsirroze (immunogistokhimicheskoe issledovanie).

Immunofluorescence techniques were used to examine the distribution of Types I, III, IV and V collagen and fibronectin in the liver biopsy specimens from children with congenital liver fibrosis (CLF), extrahepatic portal blood circulation block, and cirrhosis developed following viral hepatitis. Both common patterns and characteristic features of the development of sclerotic processes were established. The common feature is the development of periportal connective tissue (CT) fibrosis mainly at the expense of Types I, III and V collagen and the accumulation of Types I, III, IV, V collagen and fibronectin in the walls of sinusoids during their "collagenization". The distinctive characteristic of posthepatic cirrhosis is the location of fibronectin and Type IV collagen in fibrous CT. Characteristic of CLF is high fibronectin concentrations in the areas of CT neoplasms along the periphery of portal tracts.

[Analysis of ultrastructural changes of the liver in children with congenital liver fibrosis]. / Analiz ul'trastrukturnykh izmenenii pecheni u detei pri brozhdennom fibroze ee.

Histological and electron microscopic examinations were made of hepatic biopsies from children in various types of congenital fibrosis of the liver (CFL). A relationship was found between clinico-laboratory evidence of liver dysfunction and severity of ultrastructural changes in hepatic parenchyma in non-complicated and complicated CFL. Signs of active intralobular fibrosis were revealed in cases of complicated CFL. Perisinusoid and perihepatocellular depositions of collagenous fibers lead to isolation of hepatic cells from the blood supply system, which is a cause of dystrophic changes in the liver and affects the function of the organ.

[Pathomorphology of congenital liver fibrosis in children]. / Patomorfologiia vrozhdennogo fibroza pecheni u detei.

Pathomorphology of congenital liver fibrosis (CLF) was studied basing on histological evaluation of 42 primary and secondary liver biopsies obtained from 26 CLF children aged 1-13. CLF age-specific complications, their variants and incidence rate as well as morphogenesis are outlined, e. g. cholangiolitis and secondary cirrhosis which are not rare in 7-13-year-old children. Presented is CLF staging.