ABSTRACT
The experiments were carried out on 60 mature male guinea-pigs, randomly allocated into six groups. Animals from Group I (control) received intracardiac injections of 0.25 cm3 0.9% NaCl, while animals from all other groups received intracardiac injections of histamine after the intraperitoneal application of H1, H2 and muscarinic receptor blockers. The thyroids. adrenals, parotid glands and pancreas were collected. The levels of cAMP in the homogenates of all these glands, adrenaline in the adrenal glands, thyroxine and triiodthyronine in the thyroid glands and alpha-amylase in the pancreas and in the parotid glands were studied. Moreover, histological stainings and histochemical reactions were done for colloid in the thyroid glands, for adrenaline in the adrenals and for zymogen in the parotid glands and pancreas. The results suggest that histamine causes non-selective. H1-dependent secretion of thyroxine and triiodthyronine. selective, H1-dependent secretion of adrenaline and selective, H2-dependent secretion of alpha-amylase, without the participation of muscarinic receptors.
Subject(s)
Endocrine Glands/metabolism , Exocrine Glands/metabolism , Histamine/pharmacology , Adrenal Glands/anatomy & histology , Adrenal Glands/drug effects , Adrenal Glands/metabolism , Animals , Endocrine Glands/anatomy & histology , Endocrine Glands/drug effects , Exocrine Glands/anatomy & histology , Exocrine Glands/drug effects , Guinea Pigs , Histamine H1 Antagonists/pharmacology , Histamine H2 Antagonists/pharmacology , Ipratropium/pharmacology , Male , Muscarinic Antagonists/pharmacology , Pancreas/anatomy & histology , Pancreas/drug effects , Pancreas/metabolism , Parotid Gland/anatomy & histology , Parotid Gland/drug effects , Parotid Gland/metabolism , Pyrilamine/pharmacology , Ranitidine/pharmacology , Thyroid Gland/anatomy & histology , Thyroid Gland/drug effects , Thyroid Gland/metabolism , Tissue FixationSubject(s)
Histamine H1 Antagonists/pharmacology , Histamine H2 Antagonists/pharmacology , Histamine/pharmacology , Pyrilamine/pharmacology , Ranitidine/pharmacology , Thyroid Gland/chemistry , Thyroid Gland/enzymology , Animals , Guinea Pigs , Histocytochemistry , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/analysis , Male , Receptors, Histamine/physiology , Shock/chemically induced , Shock/drug therapy , Shock/physiopathologySubject(s)
Cytoplasmic Granules/enzymology , Enzyme Precursors/metabolism , Histamine/pharmacology , Parotid Gland/metabolism , alpha-Amylases/metabolism , Animals , Guinea Pigs , Histamine H1 Antagonists/pharmacology , Histamine H2 Antagonists/pharmacology , Histocytochemistry , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Male , Parotid Gland/drug effects , Parotid Gland/enzymology , Pyrilamine/pharmacology , Ranitidine/pharmacologySubject(s)
Histamine Antagonists/pharmacology , Histamine/pharmacology , Thyroid Gland/drug effects , Animals , Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase/metabolism , Guinea Pigs , Ipratropium/pharmacology , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Male , Monoamine Oxidase/metabolism , Muscarinic Antagonists/pharmacology , Pyrilamine/pharmacology , Ranitidine/pharmacology , Receptors, Histamine H1/drug effects , Receptors, Histamine H1/physiology , Receptors, Histamine H2/drug effects , Receptors, Histamine H2/physiology , Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism , Thyroid Gland/metabolism , Thyroid Gland/pathology , Thyroxine/blood , Triiodothyronine/bloodSubject(s)
Histamine/toxicity , Pancreas/enzymology , alpha-Amylases/metabolism , Animals , Guinea Pigs , Histamine H1 Antagonists/pharmacology , Histamine H2 Antagonists/pharmacology , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Male , Pancreas/drug effects , Pyrilamine/pharmacology , Ranitidine/pharmacologySubject(s)
Histamine/toxicity , Thyroid Diseases/chemically induced , Thyroid Diseases/pathology , Thyroid Gland/drug effects , Thyroid Gland/ultrastructure , Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism , Animals , Guinea Pigs , Histocytochemistry , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Male , Shock/blood , Shock/chemically induced , Shock/pathology , Thyroid Diseases/blood , Thyroid Gland/metabolism , Triiodothyronine/bloodABSTRACT
Some cellular mechanisms governing the secretion of adrenaline by epinephrocytes of guinea pigs sacrificed because of acute anaphylaxis produced by inhalatory administration of ovoalbumin following sensitization with this antigen have been studied. In acute anaphylaxis the adrenaline secretion from epinephrocytes occurs mainly by massive and facilitated exocytosis mechanism that differs from the classical exocytosis one. Increase in the concentration of ionized calcium, increase in the number of microtubules, and decrease in the number of microfilaments in the epinephrocytes have the essential significance in the mechanism of this secretion.
Subject(s)
Adrenal Medulla/metabolism , Epinephrine/metabolism , Adrenal Medulla/ultrastructure , Animals , Female , Guinea Pigs , MaleSubject(s)
Adrenal Medulla/metabolism , Anaphylaxis/physiopathology , Epinephrine/metabolism , Academic Dissertations as Topic , Acetylcholine/metabolism , Acetylcholinesterase/metabolism , Adenine Nucleotides/metabolism , Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism , Adrenal Medulla/pathology , Adrenal Medulla/ultrastructure , Anaphylaxis/pathology , Animals , Calcium/metabolism , Cytoplasm/metabolism , Epinephrine/deficiency , Exocytosis , Female , Guinea Pigs , Histamine/metabolism , Histamine N-Methyltransferase/metabolism , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Male , Microscopy, Electron , Monoamine Oxidase/metabolism , Ovalbumin/adverse effects , Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors/metabolismABSTRACT
A cytochemical study of hepatocyte nuclei of adrenalectomized and irradiated rats were performed. After irradiation alone the behaviour of the ribonucleoprotein components was studied according to Bernhard. The findings suggested that a delay occurs in the synthesis of preribosomal RNA in the nucleoli and in the transport of messenger RNA to the cytoplasm. The indirect effect of ionizing radiation on nuclear RNA synthesis is assumed to occur through the influence of cortical steroid hormones on the transcription process.
Subject(s)
Adrenalectomy , Cell Nucleus/ultrastructure , Liver/ultrastructure , Animals , Male , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Ribonucleoproteins/metabolism , Whole-Body IrradiationSubject(s)
Bulbourethral Glands/physiology , Prostate/physiology , Seminal Vesicles/pathology , Acid Phosphatase/analysis , Animals , Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/analysis , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/analysis , Male , Prostate/enzymology , Prostatectomy , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Succinate Dehydrogenase/analysisABSTRACT
The interscapular brown adipose tissue in male, white Wistar rats in the 1,3,6,15,30, and 60th day of regeneration of adrenals after their enucleation weas investigated. The tissue slides were stained with H and E, with Masson's triple stain and with Sudan B. The activity of the following dehydrogenses was evaluated: Succinic dehydrogenase, delta 5,3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and the activity of the following enzymes; monoaminooxidase (MAO), Alkaline phosphatase (AlPh) and acid phosphatase (AcPh) was studied. Between the first ad 30th day of regeneration of adrenals morphochemical changes were observed; a great number of cells with eosinophylic cytoplasm appeared and with minute vacuols in their cytoplasm, the blood vessels became more numerous and enlarged and the activity of the enzymes tested was enhanced, instead sudanophilia was weaken and the reaction of corticosteriods significantly intensified. The changes observed may indicate on an enhanced hormonal activity. The brown adipose tissue may function as an endocrine gland which supports the regenerating adrenals of the white rat, enables survival and preservation of homeostasis during the insufficiency of the adrenal cortex after adrenal enucleation. The initiation of the endocrine activity of the brown adipose tissue in the course of regeneration of the adrenals proceeds probably without the direct participation of catecholamines originating from the adrenals.
