ABSTRACT
The authors analyze a group of 916 patients who had thyroid operations in the course of five years at a Surgical Department in Bratislava. 256 patients suffered from malignant disease. The authors analyze the incidence of different histological types of carcinoma, types of surgical operations, complications and patient survival. They discuss the problem of thyroid microcarcinoma, the relationship of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and carcinoma. The authors emphasize the importance of exact implementation of the first operation of the thyroid gland, in their opinion leaving residues of the gland during Berry ligature is inadequate. Re-operations should be implemented by departments with a high professional standard of surgeons and standardized pre- and postoperative patient care, in collaboration with an endocrinologist, pathologist and a department of nuclear medicine.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma/surgery , Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma/complications , Carcinoma/pathology , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Thyroid Neoplasms/complications , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Thyroidectomy , Thyroiditis, Autoimmune/complicationsABSTRACT
Detection of mutations in RET proto-oncogene in Slovak families from different localities and of different ethnic origin with MEN 2 syndrome is reported. Despite the fact that the same mutation of RET oncogene was found in different family members, the latency period of tumor appearance and their pathogenicity differed substantially. In addition, also different phenotypes of the disease were expressed in various family members having the same RET gene mutation. The data indicate that the mechanism of MEN2 syndrome is not only due to the RET gene mutation, and strongly support the conclusion that additional genetic events are involved in the disease formation.
Subject(s)
Drosophila Proteins , Germ-Line Mutation/genetics , Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a/genetics , Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b/genetics , Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics , Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics , Adolescent , Adult , Exons/genetics , Female , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pedigree , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational , Proto-Oncogene Mas , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret , SlovakiaSubject(s)
Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery , Reoperation , ThyroidectomyABSTRACT
Early stage of medullary thyroid carcinoma was diagnosed in a 13 years old girl from the family with incidence of MEN IIa. High level of calcitonin after pentagastrin stimulation was crucial for the diagnosis. Pentagastrin test as a regular screening for medullary thyroid carcinoma for all children over 3 years of families with MEN IIa is recommended.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Medullary/diagnosis , Pentagastrin , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adolescent , Calcitonin/blood , Carcinoma, Medullary/blood , Carcinoma, Medullary/genetics , Female , Humans , Pedigree , Thyroid Neoplasms/blood , Thyroid Neoplasms/geneticsABSTRACT
To study the possible involvement of mouse mammary tumour virus (MMTV) related agent in human cancer we analysed 300 samples of human sera for the presence of antibodies to MMTV structural proteins. All sera were tested by immunoblotting to achieve high specificity. Out of 300 sera, 22 reacted with transframe protein p30, 16 with the ribonucleoprotein p14, six with the envelope glycoprotein gp52 and three with the major core protein p27. Reactivities to p30 and p14 were observed in sera from cancer patients and healthy controls; reactivities to p27 and gp52 predominated in sera of cancer patients. Sera frequently reacted with a 42 kDa protein which is a cellular contaminant of the virus.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Mammary Tumor Virus, Mouse/immunology , Neoplasms/immunology , Humans , Immunoblotting , Retroviridae Proteins/immunology , Viral Structural Proteins/immunologyABSTRACT
During the period 1959 to 1968, a total of 158 patients with carcinoma of the rectum were treated at the surgical department of the Oncological Institute in Bratislava. All these patients were retro spectively classified according to the TNM system into four clinical stages as follows: Stage I -- 26 (16.46%). Stage II -- 12 (7.59%), Stage III -- 61 (36.61%) and Stage IV -- 59 (53.39%) of the patient. Surgical treatment was supplemented with irradiation in 85 (53.73%) of the patients with chemotherapy in 15 (9.49%). All the findings were verified histologically. Favorable results as regards the 5-year survival rate in accordance with literature data were achieved in the early stages of the affection, while in advanced stages this survival rate was rather low, the majority of the patients died in the first and second year following initiation of treatment. The authors express the view that in future, oncologists will have to devote more attention to an early diagnosis and treatment of precanceroses, and this not solely in patients with a carcinoma of the rectum, but also in its other localizations.
