ABSTRACT
The frequent combination of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important socially significant and far from being studied problem. However, only a few works are devoted to it. To solve this problem, we analyzed the possible pathogenetic mechanisms from the standpoint of the impact on glucose homeostasis of the main hormones - insular and contrainsular.The analysis was carried out using various literature databases, including Index Medicus, Scopus, Pub Med, Embase, Cochrane and others for the period, with rare exceptions, for 2000-2020, of which the works devoted directly to the aspect considered in this work were published in the last 5 years.The analysis revealed a mutual aggravating effect of COPD and T2DM, in which COPD plays an initiating role. It also revealed a significant role of counterinsular hormones, which largely determines the nature of the pathogenesis of T2DM in COPD.In addition, the article draws attention to the possible role of genetic factors that can be common for COPD and T2DM and have a significant role in the comorbidity of COPD and T2DM. The data obtained can be used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in the correction of disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in COPD, which is the lot of further research.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Glucose , Homeostasis , Hormones , Humans , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiologyABSTRACT
We compared survival of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells after compressor, ultrasound, and mesh nebulization of the cell suspension over 10 min. Viability of stromal cells was best preserved after compressor nebulization (72%). Cell survival after ultrasonic nebulization was significantly lower (20%). After mesh nebulization, no live cells were found. Thus, compressor nebulization is the most preferable method of the production of cell aerosol for their delivery to the lower respiratory tract.
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow Cells/cytology , Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy/instrumentation , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology , Administration, Inhalation , Bone Marrow Cells/physiology , Cell Survival , Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy/methods , Filtration , Humans , Infusion Pumps , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/physiology , Nebulizers and Vaporizers , Pressure , Ultrasonic WavesABSTRACT
The literature data and our own experience suggest that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can be an important risk factor of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The relationship between these two condition is virtually unexplored and pathogenteic mechanisms behind it remain unclear. There are reasons to attribute an important role to insulin resistance as one of the leading mechanisms. It is in the focus of the present work.
Subject(s)
Carbohydrate Metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Comorbidity , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism , Humans , Insulin Resistance , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/metabolism , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
The data on Dostoevsky's epilepsy are ambiguous and often contradictory. It prompted consideration of certain genetic aspects of the writer 's pedigree for the clarification of this issue. The phenomenon of Dostoevsky's genius was for the first time contemplated from the standpoint of the contribution of genetic factors to his creative work. It was shown that Dostoevsky's ancestry can not be a source of hereditary predisposition to epilepsy. The available data question the genuine nature of his disease. Characteristic of Dostoevsky's ancestry is the wide occurrence of "creativeness" genes. Their cumulation together with a number of other factors verified in the writer can account for the phenomenon of his genius.
