[Multi-year observations of the humoral immunity status of patients with tick-borne encephalitis in 3 endemic regions]. / Mnogoletnie nabliudeniia za sostoianiem gumoral'nogo immuniteta u bol'nykh kleshchevym éntsefalitom v trekh éndemichnykh regionakh.

Analysis of the results of the laboratory diagnosis of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) by HI test over many years proved a statistically significant decrease by the 80's in the intensity of humoral immunity in the subjects with a history of tick-borne encephalitis in Kemerovo Province, Udmurtia and Latvia. A decrease in antihemagglutinin levels in the blood of convalescents after TBE was detected in endemic foci located in different geographical regions differing by epidemiological parameters; it did not depend on the portion of infected ticks and ratio of the clinical forms of the disease in a focus. Parallel tests by HI of the diagnostic value of several antigens of TBE virus strains isolated from different sources in different regions with sera from TBE patients revealed no differences among them. The antigenic activity of the strains in HI test did not depend on the source and region of isolation (Kemerovo Province, Udmurtia and Latvia).

Specific activity of tissue culture antirabic vaccine Rabivak-Vnukovo-32 with short intramuscular vaccination schedule.

Tissue culture rabies vaccine has been used for subcutaneous immunization of 158 subjects according to official instructions and also for intramuscular immunization of 128 subjects according to a short schedule with booster inoculations. All 286 subjects were either bitten or contaminated with saliva of rabid animals or animals suspected of having rabies. The 1168 serum samples were tested by neutralization test (NT) in mice, by radial haemolysis (RH) and by indirect haemagglutination (IHA). The highest, earliest and longest active post-vaccination immunity was registered after the most intensive subcutaneous vaccination course at a dose of 5 ml for 25 days with 3 booster inoculations. Subcutaneous inoculation of 3 ml vaccine for 12 days (36 ml) failed to produce a satisfactory elevation of antibody titre. After 2 to 4 booster inoculations, however, a satisfactory level of antibody was observed. The tissue culture vaccine was shown to have good prospects for clinical vaccination by intramuscular route. On intramuscular vaccination at 1.5 ml for 9 days with 6 booster inoculations on days 16, 23, 30, 37, 67 and 97 (initial vaccine volume 45 ml) the mean geometric antibody titres (MGT) reached 93, 160, 322 and 165 on days 30, 60, 90 and 112, respectively. The economically efficient and rapid IHA and RH tests were confirmed to be specific and suitable for titration of antirabies antibody.

[Inactivation of enteroviruses in sewage with ozone]. / Inaktivatsiia énterovirusov v stochnoi vode ozonom.

The study of ozone inactivation of enteroviruses in sewage showed the presence in sewage of suspensions of organic origin and bacterial flora to influence the rate of inactivation. The inactivation rate of poliomyelitis virus in sewage free from organic suspension and bacterial flora was significantly higher than that in sewage containing such suspension and bacterial flora. The inactivation rate of enteroviruses was found not to depend upon the protein and salt composition and pH of sewage or strain appurtenance of viruses. The inactivation rate of enteroviruses directly depended upon the dose of ozone and time of contact with it. Differences in the resistance of different types of poliomyelitis virus, ECHO and Coxsackie viruses to the effect of ozone are likely exist. These differences are manifested within the range of relatively small doses of ozone. E. coli is more resistant to ozone than entero-viruses. The results of laboratory studies were used to choose the regimen of sanitation of urban sewage to be used in technological cycles of industrial enterprises.

[Metabolism of various biogenic amines in acute viral neuroinfections]. / Ob obmene nekotorykh biogennykh aminov pri ostrykh virusnykh neiroinfektsiiakh.

The metabolism of biogenic amines was examined in 62 patients with various acute viral neuroinfections. The control group consisted of 57 persons. Depending on the process character and disease period variations of the levels of serotonin, 5-hydroxyindolylacetic acid, coeruloplasmin and histamine were discovered. A comparison of the results obtained with the clinical course of the diseases revealed a certain correlation, especially in patients with acute meningoencephalitis.

[Enterovirus survival in water and food products]. / Vyzhivaemost' énterovirusov v vode i pishchevykh produktakh.

Inactivation of enteroviruses in water (sewage, river, tap) and some food products (milk, meat, bread) was studied. The process of inactivation was judged by the amount of virus (in PFU) in specimens which were stored under preset experimental conditions and selected during one month at 2--3 day intervals after the virus introduction into the object. The pattern of inactivation was judged by exponents constructed from the experimental results. The time during which half of the initial virus amount was lost has been taken for the unit of the virus inactivation rate in the object. The dynamics of inactivation was found to depend upon the object inoculated with the virus, temperature and the virus strains. Thus poliomyelitis virus survived longer in milk than in meat; its highest inactivation occurred at 37 degrees C (the highest temperature tested); wild poliovirus strains were inactivated slower than the vaccine ones.

[Measles cellular immunity in patients with multiple sclerosis]. / Korevoi kletochnyi immunitet u bolnykh rasseiannym sklerozom.

The micromethod of leukocyte migration inhibition test was used to study cellular immunity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) to measles virus antigens and some other infectious (vaccinia virus, tuberculin) and noninfectious (brain white matter extract) antigens. In MS patients the reaction to measles antigen was weaker than in the control group, while the reactivity to the brain white matter extract was increased. As for the responses to vaccinia virus and tuberculin, these two grous did not differ statistically. The population of MS patients under study was not homogeneous in the intensity of measles cellular immunity (MCI). In the early stages of multiple sclerosis, MCI indices did not differ from those in the control group. MCI was the weakest in those subjects developing MS early in life who showed rapid worsening of the clinical status. Besides, MCI values were age-related: in older age groups they were low both in MS patients and in control subjects.

[Development of immunity to the poliomyelitis virus in infants with various methods of administering a live poliomyelitis vaccine]. / Razvitie immuniteta k virusu poliomielita u detei rannego virusa pri razlichnykh sposobakh vvedeniia zhivoi poliomielitnoi vaktsiny.

The data have been obtained which indicate that the effectiveness of vaccination with live trivalent poliomyelitis vaccine may be increased and 90--100% of the vaccinated infants under 1 year of age may develop marked resistance of the alimentary tract and high antibody titers in the blood serum to the threee types of poliomyelitis virus in the course of 3 vaccinations. Some regularities of the formation of immunity to individual poliomyelitis virus types in the course of 4 vaccinations with trivalent vaccine were revealed and specified. The results indicate that the contact of vaccine virus with the oropharyngeal tissues during immunization has a favourable effect on the development of immunity. Vaccination of infants under 1 at 6-week intervals between vaccine feedings creates solid immunity in 90--100% vaccines. Administration of the next vaccine dose 6 weeks after the previous one stops multiplication of the dominating type of vaccine virus and prevents its long-term passage in the intestinal tract decreasing the probability of emergence of vaccine virus variants with increased pathogenicity.

[Effect of various methods of administration of live poliovirus vaccine on the immunoglobulin levels in the blood serum and mouth mucosa secretion in children]. / Vliianie raznykh metodov applikatsii zhivoi poliomielitnoi vaktsiny na dinamiku urovnei immunoglobulinov v syvorotke krovi i sekretakh polosti rta u detei.

Oral vaccination with live trivalent poliomyelitis in the liquid form in drops exerts a considerable influence on the IgA content in oral cavity secretes. After immunization with same vaccine in capsules no significant changes in IgA levels could be observed in oral cavity secretes for a 18-week observation period. A considerable increase in IgA level in oral secretes in children vaccinated with vaccine in capsules was observed after a 4th administration of the vaccine given orally in drops. Inrrespective of the method of vaccine administrations in the blood serum there was a considerable increase in the levels of immunoglobulins of all classes in the course of vaccination.

[Conditions of yeast freeze-drying studied by methods of planning experiments]. / Izuchenie uslovii liofilizatsii drozhzhei s primeneniem metodov planirovaniia éksperimenta

The effect of seven factors on survival and residual humidity of yeast suspensions was studied during freeze-drying of Saccharomyces cerevisiae using methods of mathematical planning of the experiment. A multifactor experiment of the type 2(7-4) was realized, according to which all factors were varied at two levels. Adequate equations for regression were obtained to describe the process in the temperature zone above the eutectic point (from -10 to -15 degrees C) and below it (from -30 to -40 degrees C). The effect of the studied factors was found to depend on temperature of freeze-drying. The equations were used for optimizing freeze-drying by the method of "sharp ascending".