ABSTRACT
AIM: The aim of this study is to compare and to evaluate clinically and radiographically the bone regeneration and the amount of bone fill (BL) between nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (Nc-HA) (Sybograf™) and bioactive synthetic NovaBone Putty in the treatment of intrabony component of periodontal osseous defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty sites in 20 patients, within the age range of 25-55 years, showing intrabony defects were selected and divided into Group I (Nc-HA) and Group II (Bioactive synthetic NovaBone Putty). All the selected sites were assessed with the clinical and radiographic parameters such as plaque index, gingival index, sulcus bleeding index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, gingival recession, and radiographic BL. All the clinical and radiographic parameter values obtained at different intervals (baseline, 3, and 6 and 9 months) were subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS: A statistically significant reduction in pocket depth of 4.400 ± 0.843 mm (Group I), 3.800 ± 0.789 mm (Group II) and gain in clinical attachment level of 6.2 mm (Group I), 5.9 mm (Group II) were recorded at the end of the study. A slight increase in gingival recession was observed. The mean percentage changes in the amount of radiographic BL of Group II and Group I were significant, However, when compared between the groups, there is no significant difference in BL observed. CONCLUSION: Both the graft materials appear to have nearly comparable effects, with nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (Sybograf™), displaying slightly superior effect over bioactive glass especially in relation to clinical parameters. However, long-term, controlled clinical trials are required to confirm these findings.
ABSTRACT
The present work aims to investigate the efficacy of thermoreversible gel of cranberry juice concentrate (CJC) as local drug delivery for the treatment of periodontitis. CJC was initially tested for its antimicrobial activities like MIC, MBC, antiadhesion, antibiofilm and time kill assay against the panel of organisms (S. mutans (SM), E. faecalis (EF), A. actinomycetemcomitans (AA), P. gingivalis (PG), T. forsythia (TF)) responsible for periapical and periodontal infections. Antimicrobial activity of CJC showed MIC value of 50mg/ml and MBC value of 100mg/ml with desirable antiadhesion (83-90%) and antibiofilm activity (70-85%). CJC was evaluated for its biocompatibility using periodontal fibroblasts by cell based MTT assay and found to be nontoxic. Influence of CJC on periodontopathogen PG derived virulence factors (fimA and kgp) was studied using real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique wherein down regulation of selected genes demonstrated inhibitory effect against PG virulence factors. Thermoreversible gel of CJC was formulated by cold method using poloxamer 407 as thermosensitive polymer and carbopol 934 as mucoadhesive polymer and evaluated for its gelation temperature, viscosity, gel strength and mucoadhesive strength. Comparison of optimized thermoreversible gel of CJC (500mg/ml) with commercially available chlorhexidine gluconate gel (0.2%) using agar well diffusion demonstrated equal zone of inhibition against SM, EF, AA, PG & TF. Hence the formulated thermoreversible gel of CJC could serve as a novel herbal alternative to currently available periodontal treatment modalities.
