ABSTRACT
High power light-emitting diodes (HPLEDs) are frequently being operated in a pulsed manner. The research presented here focuses on the optical, electrical and thermal behaviour of a HPLED under pulse width modulation (PWM), and has the following twofold aim. Firstly, investigating the temperature dependence of the HPLED's efficiency, where it was found that the exact method of operation and the definition of calculation is crucial when making claims. Secondly, we propose a method to simulate the absolute emitted luminous flux of a current driven HPLED under PWM. This is done by making use of experimentally determined characteristic parameters of the HPLED. This has as advantage that no further physical measurements are needed to investigate the HPLEDs behavior under numerous different PWM circumstances.
Subject(s)
Lighting/instrumentation , Semiconductors , Computer-Aided Design , Equipment Design , Equipment Failure Analysis , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) is a reversible photochromic protein that can be used as a holographic medium. The dichroic absorption of the bR molecule is polarization dependent, thereby allowing for the recording of polarization holograms. The properties of polarization holograms can be used to multiplex two independent images in a single bR film. A new technique and associated polarization-multiplexing scheme are demonstrated that allow for simultaneous readout of two orthogonally polarized images while achieving a high normalized diffraction efficiency for each of the individual images.