Subject(s)
Bites and Stings , Facial Injuries , Animals , Humans , Dogs , Aftercare , Face , Bites and Stings/therapy , Costs and Cost AnalysisABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Type II diabetes agents have anticancer effects on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) pathway represents a putative target. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We interrogated an Affymetrix HNSCC dataset for MTOR-related gene expression. RESULTS: MTOR expression itself was unchanged, but various related genes demonstrated differential expression. Pathway promoters ras homolog (RHEB), MTOR-associated protein (MLST8), and ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 (RPS6KB1) were up-regulated. Expression of growth suppressors tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2), programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), and BCL2 apoptosis regulator-associated agonist of cell death (BAD) were reduced in HNSCC. Upstream, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) were up-regulated in cancer. CONCLUSION: Several MTOR pathway promoters and tumor suppressors were found to be differentially expressed, favoring MTOR pathway up-regulation in HNSCC. Genomic databases can be interrogated to identify intervention targets and endpoints in HNSCC trials.
