ABSTRACT
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men, with a significant increase in incidence and mortality in men over 50 years of age. Natural killer cells (NK) are part of the innate immune system recognizing class I HLA molecules on target cells through their membrane receptors, called killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR). The aim of our study is to evaluate the association between the KIR genes and HLA alleles in patients with prostate cancer and healthy controls. Two hundred patients with prostate cancer and 185 healthy controls were typed for HLA class I and KIR genes by PCR-SSP. When both groups were compared, no significant differences were found for HLA-C group 1 and group 2, HLA-Bw4, HLA-A3 and A11. No difference was seen either in KIR frequency between patients with prostate cancer and controls. In conclusion, our data suggest no potential role for the KIR gene system in prostate cancer.
Subject(s)
Gene Frequency , Genes, MHC Class I , Genotype , Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics , Receptors, KIR/genetics , Brazil/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Chi-Square Distribution , Genetic Association Studies/methods , Histocompatibility Testing/methods , Humans , Killer Cells, Natural , Ligands , Male , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methodsABSTRACT
Brazilian patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were randomised in a 12-week, double-blind, double-dummy study to receive doxazosin gastrointestinal therapeutic system (GITS) 4 mg q.i.d. (n = 82) or tamsulosin 0.4 q.i.d. (n = 83). Primary endpoints were the absolute and percentage change from baseline in symptoms measured by International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). Secondary endpoints included IPSS, quality-of-life (QOL) question from the IPSS, and questions 6 and 7 of the Sexual Function Abbreviated Questionnaire (SFAQ) at weeks 4 and 12. Doxazosin GITS and tamsulosin improved IPSS with no significant differences between groups at week 12. During weeks 4-8, tamsulosin-treated patients demonstrated a slower improvement (p < 0.001) in IPSS than doxazosin GITS-treated patients. The proportion of satisfied patients was observed earlier with doxazosin GITS (p = 0.006) vs. tamsulosin. At week 12, the proportion of patients with little or no difficulty at ejaculation (Q6 of SFAQ) was higher in the doxazosin GITS group (p = 0.019). Both treatments were well tolerated.
Subject(s)
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Doxazosin/therapeutic use , Prostatic Hyperplasia/drug therapy , Sulfonamides/therapeutic use , Aged , Delayed-Action Preparations , Double-Blind Method , Drug Therapy, Combination , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Satisfaction , Quality of Life , Tamsulosin , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The consumption of tomatoes and tomato products has been associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer. We observed a decrease of 10.77% in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia who were submitted to daily ingestion of tomato paste. This was an experimental rather than a controlled study with a sample of 43 men ranging in age from 45 to 75 years, all with histological diagnoses of benign prostate hyperplasia and plasma PSA levels of 4-10 ng/mL. All patients received 50 g of tomato paste once a day for 10 consecutive weeks and PSA levels were analyzed before, during and after the consumption of tomato paste. ANOVA for repeated measures was used to compare PSA levels before, during and after the consumption of tomato paste. The mean +/- SD PSA level was 6.51 +/- 1.48 ng/mL at baseline and 5.81 +/- 1.58 ng/mL (P = 0.005) after 10 weeks. Acceptance was good in 88.3, regular in 9.3, and poor in 2.3% of the patients. Dietary ingestion of 50 g of tomato paste per day for 10 weeks significantly reduced mean plasma PSA levels in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia, probably as a result of the high amount of lycopene in tomato paste. This was not a prostate cancer prevention study, but showed some action of tomato paste in prostate biology. The development of prostate cancer is typically accompanied by an increase in plasma PSA levels, thus any intervention that affects plasma PSA levels can suggest an impact in the progression of disease.
Subject(s)
Anticarcinogenic Agents/administration & dosage , Carotenoids/administration & dosage , Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood , Prostatic Hyperplasia/diet therapy , Solanum lycopersicum/chemistry , Aged , Analysis of Variance , Humans , Lycopene , Male , Middle Aged , Nutritive Value , Prostate-Specific Antigen/drug effects , Prostatic Hyperplasia/bloodABSTRACT
The consumption of tomatoes and tomato products has been associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer. We observed a decrease of 10.77 percent in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia who were submitted to daily ingestion of tomato paste. This was an experimental rather than a controlled study with a sample of 43 men ranging in age from 45 to 75 years, all with histological diagnoses of benign prostate hyperplasia and plasma PSA levels of 4-10 ng/mL. All patients received 50 g of tomato paste once a day for 10 consecutive weeks and PSA levels were analyzed before, during and after the consumption of tomato paste. ANOVA for repeated measures was used to compare PSA levels before, during and after the consumption of tomato paste. The mean ± SD PSA level was 6.51 ± 1.48 ng/mL at baseline and 5.81 ± 1.58 ng/mL (P = 0.005) after 10 weeks. Acceptance was good in 88.3, regular in 9.3, and poor in 2.3 percent of the patients. Dietary ingestion of 50 g of tomato paste per day for 10 weeks significantly reduced mean plasma PSA levels in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia, probably as a result of the high amount of lycopene in tomato paste. This was not a prostate cancer prevention study, but showed some action of tomato paste in prostate biology. The development of prostate cancer is typically accompanied by an increase in plasma PSA levels, thus any intervention that affects plasma PSA levels can suggest an impact in the progression of disease.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anticarcinogenic Agents/administration & dosage , Carotenoids/administration & dosage , Solanum lycopersicum/chemistry , Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood , Prostatic Hyperplasia/diet therapy , Analysis of Variance , Nutritive Value , Prostate-Specific Antigen/drug effects , Prostatic Hyperplasia/bloodABSTRACT
Caliceal-cutaneous fistula is an uncommon complication of renal transplantation that frequently leads to graft resection. We report our experience with the successful conservative management of a case of caliceal-cutaneous fistula secondary to acute allograft rejection in a renal transplant recipient.
Subject(s)
Kidney Diseases/etiology , Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects , Skin Diseases/etiology , Urinary Fistula/etiology , Adult , Female , Fistula/etiology , Fistula/therapy , Graft Rejection , Humans , Kidney Diseases/therapy , Kidney Pelvis , Skin Diseases/therapy , Urinary Fistula/therapyABSTRACT
Epididymal abnormalities in undescended testes are probably more common than suggested in the literature but only sporadic reports are found on this subject. For many years discussions have centered around the ideal age to operate on patients with undescended testes and consequently increase chances for future fertility. We analyzed 66 patients (82 testes) treated for undescended testis in our department, with special distinction between ectopia and cryptorchidism. Abnormalities ranged from simple epididymal elongation to more complex forms, such as complete disruption between the testis and epididymis. Among 49 ectopic testes the epididymides of 19 (38.8%) displayed more severe abnormalities in addition to elongation, while 16 (32.6%) showed only an elongated epididymis and 14 (28.6%) were normal. Among the 33 cryptorchid testes 29 (87.9%) showed the more complex anomalies and elongation, 3 (9.1%) were normal and only 1 (3%) was elongated. Our results demonstrate a much higher incidence of complex epididymal abnormalities in cryptorchidism (p less than 0.001). Elongated epididymis may present problems for sperm maturation and transportation, although with no other associated abnormality most can be regarded as patent. In our theory cases of elongation plus other major abnormalities probably are associated with severe impairment in sperm maturation and hindered transportation, with the future intrascrotal or extrascrotal position of the testis or early surgical repair being of little importance in terms of fertility.
Subject(s)
Cryptorchidism/pathology , Epididymis/abnormalities , Adult , Child , Cryptorchidism/surgery , Humans , Male , Prospective Studies , Sperm MaturationSubject(s)
Crystallography , Microscopy, Polarization , Urinary Calculi , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
A uretrotomia interna sob visao direta com o uso da faca de Sachse promete tornar mais simples o tratamento do estreitamento de uretra. Num periodo de 2 anos, 21 pacientes com idades variando entre 24 e 84 anos foram submetidos a esse procedimento.Os resultados foram excelentes em 10 (47, 6%), bons em 4 (19%) e maus em outros 4, sendo usado como parametro as necessidades de dilatacao nos meses apos a cirurgia. A unica complicacao imediata foi um caso de septicemia, havendo ainda 3 complicacoes tardias, 2 ocorrencias de epididimite e 1 paciente com incontinencia de esforco. O procedimento merece maior atencao do urologista
Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Urethral Stricture , Urinary Tract/surgeryABSTRACT
A remocao completa de calculos coraliformes multirramificados somente e possivel com cirurgia renal extensa. A nefrolitotomia anatrofica, com isquemia renal sob hipotermia e incisao do rim na sua linha avascular, delineada atraves da coloracao do segmento posterior, com azul de metileno, foi usada em 32 pacientes adultos, sendo 21 mulheres e 11 homens. A causa de urolitiase era infeccao em 26 casos, hipercalciuria sem infeccao em 3, cistinuria em 2 e hiperoxaluria primaria em 1. Os calculos foram completamente retirados em 30 doentes, tendo a funcao renal nao se modificado em 27 e piorado transitoriamente em 4 de 5 com hiperazotemia pre-operatoria. Em 1 paciente houve lesao da arteria renal, com subsequente atrofia renal.A outra complicacao foi sangramento pos-operatorio intenso em 1 caso. No seguimento (6 a 55 meses), observou-se recorrencia dos calculos em 9 (28%), dos quais so em 2 com formacao de novo calculo coraliforme. A infeccao urinaria persistiu ou recidivou em 12 casos (37,5%)
Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Kidney Calculi , Surgical Procedures, OperativeABSTRACT
Os autores descrevem caso de paciente do sexo feminino com 2,3 anos que se apresentou com tumor de Wilms acometendo todo o rim direito e 2/3 do rim esquerdo. A paciente foi tratada com quimioterapia, que inclui vincristina e actinomicina D, e aplicacao de 1.300 rads no abdomen superior. Apos 6 meses de tratamento observou-se regressao completa das lesoes, o que tornou desnecessaria a realizacao de tratamento cirurgico. Os autores discutem as diversas opcoes terapeuticas em tumor de Wilms bilateral
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Humans , Female , Dactinomycin , Vincristine , Wilms Tumor , UrographySubject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Colic , Indoprofen , Kidney Diseases , Dipyrone , Drug Therapy, Combination , ScopolamineABSTRACT
O conhecimento da composicao e estrutura dos calculos urinarios tem-se tornado importante a medida que melhores metodos de controle clinico da urolitiase sao desenvolvidos, pois permite escolher o tratamento mais adequado tanto farmacologico como dietetico. A analise quimica de calculos e frequentemente inadequada e por esta razao recorremos a analise pela microscopia da polarizacao, realizando pela primeira vez no Brasil analise mineralogica atraves da cristalografia optica. A analise consta de etapa macroscopica e a microscopica, nesta ultima estudando-se a composicao mineralogica, a proporcao relativa dos minerais e a distribuicao dos mesmos nas zonas ou camadas do calculo.Estudamos, desta forma, 485 calculos urinarios, constatando a predominancia absoluta de oxalato de calcio, seja puro ou misturado a fosfato de calcio, estruvita ou acido urico, que ocorreu em 81,3% dos calculos. Os dados obtidos permitiram classificar os pacientes em relacao a incidencia entre os sexos, idade do aparecimento da doenca, historia familiar, repeticao dos episodios, localizacao e lado dos calculos e modo de eliminacao
Subject(s)
Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Microscopy, Polarization , Urinary CalculiABSTRACT
O envolvimento secundario de testiculos no linfoma maligno e uma eventualidade rara, havendo, ate 1972, apenas 140 casos descritos. O caso de um paciente com linfoma secundario gigante do testiculo direito e descrito, apresentando tal volume que nenhum semelhante poude ser encontrado na literatura. O tumor media mais de 20 cm no maior diametro, estendendo-se para a fossa iliaca direita. A biopsia mostrou a presenca de linfoma linfocitico pouco diferenciado, com extensas areas de necrose.O paciente faleceu 2 dias apos a biopsia, depois de ter sido submetido a pericardiocentese para aliviar um grande derrame pericardico, cuja etiologia tambem era linfomatosa
Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Lymphoma , Neoplasm Metastasis , Testicular NeoplasmsABSTRACT
O tratamento sistematico da bexiga nao-inibida, sem lesao neurologica, se constitui em preocupacao constante do clinico pela falta de um farmaco que tenha acao eficaz com pouco efeito colateral. O cloridrato de diciclomina, um relaxante da musculatura lisa, foi testado em 16 pacientes na dose de 20mg 3 vezes ao dia e produziu significativa melhora em 14. Os sintomas que melhor responderam ao tratamento foram a urgencia, a incontinencia de urgencia e a dor com a bexiga distendida. Houve grande melhora tambem na polaciuria e nocturia Em 8 pacientes que tiveram sua capacidade vesical testada, houve um aumento medio de 90% na mesma em 4 semanas. A quase ausencia de efeitos colaterais em relacao aos anticolinergicos puros, foi notavel
