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1.
Arch Virol ; 163(7): 1745-1756, 2018 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29520689

ABSTRACT

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a contagious and economically important disease affecting production of small ruminants (i.e., sheep and goats). Taking into consideration the lessons learnt from the Global Rinderpest Eradication Programme (GREP), PPR is now targeted by the international veterinary community as the next animal disease to be eradicated. To support the African continental programme for the control of PPR, the Pan African Veterinary Vaccine Centre of the African Union (AU-PANVAC) is developing diagnostics tools. Here, we describe the development of a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bELISA) that allows testing of a large number of samples for specific detection of antibodies directed against PPR virus in sheep and goat sera. The PPR bELISA uses an anti-haemagglutinin (H) monoclonal antibody (MAb) as a competitor antibody, and tests results are interpreted using the percentage of inhibition (PI) of MAb binding generated by the serum sample. PI values below or equal to 18% (PI ≤ 18%) are negative, PI values greater than or equal to 25% (PI ≥ 25%) are positive, and PI values greater than 18% and below 25% are doubtful. The diagnostic specificity (DSp) and diagnostic sensitivity (DSe) were found to be 100% and 93.74%, respectively. The H-based PPR-bELISA showed good correlation with the virus neutralization test (VNT), the gold standard test, with a kappa value of 0.947. The H-based PPR-bELISA is more specific than the commercial kit ID Screen® PPR Competition (N-based PPR-cELISA) from IDvet (France), but the commercial kit is slightly more sensitive than the H-based PPR-bELISA. The validation process also indicated good repeatability and reproducibility of the H-based PPR-bELISA, making this new test a suitable tool for the surveillance and sero-monitoring of the vaccination campaign.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Epitopes/immunology , Hemagglutinins, Viral/immunology , Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants/diagnosis , Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus/immunology , Animals , Goat Diseases/diagnosis , Goat Diseases/immunology , Goat Diseases/virology , Goats/virology , Neutralization Tests , Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants/immunology , Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants/virology , Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus/isolation & purification , Reagent Kits, Diagnostic , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Sheep/virology , Sheep Diseases/diagnosis , Sheep Diseases/immunology , Sheep Diseases/virology
2.
J Virol Methods ; 173(2): 306-13, 2011 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21371505

ABSTRACT

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an important economically transboundary disease of sheep and goats caused by a virus which belongs to the genus Morbillivirus. This genus, in the family Paramyxoviridae, also includes the measles virus (MV), canine distemper virus (CDV), rinderpest virus (RPV), and marine mammal viruses. One of the main features of these viruses is the severe transient lymphopaenia and immunosuppression they induce in their respective hosts, thereby favouring secondary bacterial and parasitic infections. This lymphopaenia is probably accounted for by the fact that lymphoid cells are the main targets of the morbilliviruses. In early 2000, it was demonstrated that a transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily which is present on the surface of lymphoid cells, the signalling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM), is used as cellular receptor by MV, CDV and RPV. Wild-type strains of these viruses can be isolated and propagated efficiently in non-lymphoid cells expressing this protein. The present study has demonstrated that monkey CV1 cells expressing goat SLAM are also highly efficient for isolating PPRV from pathological samples. This finding suggests that SLAM, as is in the case for MV, CDV and RPV, is also a receptor for PPRV.


Subject(s)
Antigens, CD/biosynthesis , Gene Expression , Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus/isolation & purification , Receptors, Cell Surface/biosynthesis , Receptors, Virus/biosynthesis , Virology/methods , Animals , Antigens, CD/genetics , Cell Line , Goats , Haplorhini , Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics , Receptors, Virus/genetics , Sheep , Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family Member 1
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