[Maxillary ameloblastoma at the odonto-stomatology University Hospital in Bamako]. / Les ameloblastomes des maxillaires au centre hospitalier universitaire d'odontosmatologie de Bamako.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to determine the sociodemographic, therapeutic, pathological and clinical aspects of patients with maxillary ameloblastoma at the University Hospital of Odonto-Stomatology (CHU OS) of Bamako. MATERIALS AND METHOD: We performed a retrospective and prospective study over three years (January 2007 - December 2010), examining cases of maxillary ameloblastoma, as confirmed by clinical, associated with radiology or anatomic pathology. Data was collected from medical records, then entered and analyzed using Epiinfo. RESULTS: Tumor lesions were found in 55 men and 43 women with a sex ratio of 1.27. Housewives represented the majority of cases with 35.7%. Maxillary radiography was performed on 96% of patients and biopsy in 66.3% of cases. The most common anatomical location was mandibular in 89.80% of cases, with the preferred area being the mandibular symphysis in 34.7% of cases. Conservative surgery was performed in 50% of patients and radical surgery in 26.5% of cases. CONCLUSION: This study has shown a high frequency of maxillary ameloblastoma, and the fundamental benefits of early treatment, in order to minimize recidivism.

INTRODUCTION: L'objectif de cette étude était, d'évaluer les aspects sociodémographiques, cliniques, anatomopathologiques et thérapeutiques, des patients présentant des améloblastomes des maxillaires, au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Odonto Stomatologie (CHU OS) de Bamako. MATÉRIELS ET MÉTHODE: Nous avons réalisé une étude rétrospective et prospective sur une période de trois ans (de Janvier 2007 à Décembre 2010), sur des cas d'améloblastomes des maxillaires, confirmés par un examen clinique, associé ou à la radiologie, ou à l'anatomopathologie. Les données ont été recueillies à partir des dossiers médicaux, saisies et analysées avec le logiciel Epiinfo. RÉSULTATS: Les lésions tumorales ont concerné 55 hommes et 43 femmes avec un sex-ratio de 1,27. Les femmes au foyer ont été les plus représentées soit 35,7% des cas. La radiographie des maxillaires a été effectuée chez 96% des patients et la biopsie dans 66,3% des cas. La localisation anatomique la plus fréquente a été mandibulaire dans 89,80% des cas, et la zone de prédilection a été la symphyse mandibulaire dans 34,7% des cas. La chirurgie conservatrice a été réalisée chez 50% des patients et la chirurgie radicale dans 26,5% des cas. CONCLUSION: Cette étude montre une fréquence élevée de l'améloblastome des maxillaires, et un intérêt capital pour une prise en charge précoce, dans un souci de minimiser les récidives.

Les améloblastomes des maxillaires au centre hopsitalier universitaire d'odontosmatologie de Bamako

Introduction: L'objectif de cette étude était, d'évaluer les aspects sociodémographiques, cliniques, anatomopathologiques et thérapeutiques, des patients présentant des améloblastomes des maxillaires, au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Odonto Stomatologie (CHU OS) de Bamako. Matériels et Méthode : Nous avons réalisé une étude rétrospective et prospective sur une période de trois ans (de Janvier 2007 à Décembre 2010), sur des cas d'améloblastomes des maxillaires, confirmés par un examen clinique, associé ou à la radiologie, ou à l'anatomopathologie. Les données ont été recueillies à partir des dossiers médicaux, saisies et analysées avec le logiciel Epiinfo. Résultats : Les lésions tumorales ont concerné 55 hommes et 43 femmes avec un sex-ratio de 1,27. Les femmes au foyer ont été les plus représentées soit 35,7% des cas. La radiographie des maxillaires a été effectuée chez 96% des patients et la biopsie dans 66,3% des cas. La localisation anatomique la plus fréquente a été mandibulaire dans 89,80% des cas, et la zone de prédilection a été la symphyse mandibulaire dans 34,7% des cas. La chirurgie conservatrice a été réalisée chez 50% des patients et la chirurgie radicale dans 26,5% des cas. Conclusion : Cette étude montre une fréquence élevée de l'améloblastome des maxillaires, et un intérêt capital pour une prise en charge précoce, dans un souci de minimiser les récidives

[Isolated mandibular fractures study's in the CHU-OS of Bamako: 55 cases]. / Etude des fractures isolees de la mandibule au CHU d'odontostomatologie de Bamako: a propos de 55 cas.

AIMS: The aim of this study was to determine sociodemographics, clinical and therapeutic aspects in patients with isolated mandibular fractures in the Bamako dentistry teaching hospital (CHU-OS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We carried out restrospective study over a period of four months involving isolated mandibular fracture cases, confirmed by a clinical and radiological examination in 2006. The data were collected from medical records, entered and analyzed using Epiinfo.fr 6.0 software. RESULTS: The lesions involved 42 men and 13 women with a sex ratio of 3.23. The age group of 21-30 was the most affected. The main cause was found to be road traffic accidents with 72.72 % of the total cases. The fractures of the mandible at the level of horizontal branch were the most frequent with 34.54 %. The orthopedic treatment was used in 72.72 % of the cases, with a good and very good results. CONCLUSION: This study shows the high frequency of isolated fractures of the mandible mainly from road traffic accidents, as well as their occurrence among young adults.

OBJECTIF: L'objectif de cette étude était, de déterminer les aspects sociodémographiques, cliniques et thérapeutiques, des patients présentant des fractures mandibulaires isolées, au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Odonto Stomatologie (CHU OS) de Bamako. MATÉRIELS ET MÉTHODE: Nous avons réalisé une étude rétrospective sur une période de quatre mois, des cas successifs de fractures mandibulaires isolées, confirmés par un examen clinique et radiologique en 2006. Les données ont été recueillies à partir des dossiers médicaux, saisies et analysées avec le logiciel Epiinfo.fr 6.0. RÉSULTATS: Les lésions ont concerné 42 hommes et 13 femmes, avec un sex ratio de 3,23. La classe d'âge la plus atteinte a été celle de 21 ­ 30 ans. Les accidents de la voie publique ont été la principale cause, avec 72,72% des cas. Les fractures de la mandibule au niveau de la branche horizontale, ont été les plus fréquentes (34,54%). Le traitement orthopédique a été utilisé dans 72,72% des cas, avec de bons à très bons résultats. CONCLUSION: Cette étude montre la fréquence élevée des fractures de la mandibule isolée lors des accidents de la voie publique, et aussi leur survenue chez l'adulte jeune.

Solitary fibrous tumor of the vagina.

The solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare tumor that most commonly arises in the pleura. Recent evidence has indicated that this tumor originates from mesenchymal, probably fibroblastic, cells and is not restricted to the pleura. However, its occurrence in the female genital tract is extremely rare. We report a case of primary SFT that originated from the vagina in a 34-year-old female. It was a pedunculated polypoid tumor and occurred at the site of scar tissue, caused by laceration during her last labor 7 years previously. Histologically, the tumor was predominantly composed of a random proliferation of spindle cells, intimately admixed with collagen. Immunohistochemically, the cells were strongly positive for CD34, vimentin and bcl-2, but were negative for S-100 protein, neuron-specific enolase, smooth muscle actin, desmin, CD68, cytokeratins and epithelial membrane antigen. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a primary vaginal SFT in the English literature. Our report suggests to include SFT in the differential diagnosis of a spindle cell neoplasm originating from the vagina.

Lymphoblastic lymphoma expressing natural killer cell phenotype with involvement of the mediastinum and nasal cavity.

Most CD56+ lymphomas display polymorphic and angiocentric/angiodestructive histologic features and are closely related to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. We report a 47-year-old Japanese man with CD56+ lymphoma that showed histologic features of lymphoblastic lymphoma with mediastinal and nasal involvement and an aggressive course. A sample specimen showed the histology of lymphoblastic lymphoma with a positive reaction for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) but no angiocentric/angiodestructive features. Transmission electron microscopy revealed a few membrane-bound electron-dense granules in their cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, lymphoma cells exhibited CD56+ cytoplasmic CD3 (cCD3)+ TdT+. A Southern blot analysis showed no integration of EBV and human T-lymphotrophic virus 1 (HTLV-1) and no rearrangement of the T-cell receptors or immunoglobulin heavy chain genes. This unusual lymphoblastic lymphoma exhibiting cCD3 + CD56 + TdT + TCR- is assumed as an immature or progenitor natural killer cell lineage.

Diffuse laminar endocervical glandular hyperplasia.

A case is reported of diffuse laminar endocervical glandular hyperplasia, which is very rare among pseudoneoplastic endocervical glandular lesions. The patient was a 54 year old woman who had been suffering from watery vaginal discharge for about 7 years, and the lesion was found in the cervix of the hysterectomy specimen. Microscopically, the lesion showed a diffuse, laminar proliferation of hyperplastic endocervical glands, sharply demarcated from the underlying stroma. The significant nuclear atypia was absent. Inflammatory response was mild. Immunohistochemically, carcinoembryonic antigen was negative. Differential diagnosis from other non-neoplastic conditions and well differentiated adenocarcinoma is discussed.

TPA-enhanced invasion of Matrigel associated with augmentation of cell motility but not metalloproteinase activity in a highly metastatic variant (L-10) of human rectal adenocarcinoma cell line RCM-1.

We previously found that the enhanced activity to invade Matrigel upon stimulation with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) was one of the major properties of a highly metastatic variant (L-10) of a human rectal adenocarcinoma cell line RCM-1. To clarify the mechanism of this enhancement, we examined the effect of TPA on 2 major biological factors involved in tumor cell invasion: cell motility and matrix-degrading metalloproteinase activity. The enhanced invasiveness was inhibited by protein-kinase-C inhibitors. TPA markedly enhanced both haptotactic response to type-IV collagen and motility on tissue-culture glass substrate of L-10 cells in a dose-response manner quite similar to that of TPA-enhanced invasion of Matrigel. On the other hand, TPA showed little enhancement of metalloproteinase production, which was assessed by gelatin- and casein-zymography, and of type-IV collagenolytic activity. Addition of TIMP (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase)-I inhibited TPA-enhanced invasion of Matrigel by only up to 13%. Thus, TPA treatment of L-10 cells enhanced invasion of Matrigel in association with augmentation of cell motility but did not enhance metalloproteinase activity.

Characteristics of a metastatic variant to the liver of human rectal adenocarcinoma cell line RCM-1.

The interaction of human rectal adenocarcinoma cell line RCM-1 cells with extracellular matrix components, was studied to elucidate the key steps in the liver metastasis of colorectal carcinomas. Highly metastatic variant L-10 cells selected from the metastatic foci of the liver after intrasplenic implantation in nude mice and its parental L-0 cells were used. L-10 cells showed a greater ability to adhere to laminin, fibronectin, and type I and type IV collagens than did L-0 cells but less haptotactic activity than that of L-0 cells to type I or type IV collagen, possibly due to the formation of cellular aggregates. In vitro invasion activities of both cell lines to basement membrane components (Matrigel) or type I collagen were minimal but enhanced by the addition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). L-10 cells showed greater ability to invade Matrigel than did L-0 cells, while L-0 cells exhibited higher activity in the invasion of type I collagen than did L-10 cells. TPA did not increase the production of metalloproteinases by both cells when analyzed by gelatin zymography. Based on the differences between the two cell lines, we postulated the following: (1) the high metastatic potential of L-10 cells was due to a greater capacity to attach to and cross the basement membrane; (2) TPA directly enhanced tumor cell invasiveness, not via the increased secretion of metalloproteinases; and (3) haptotactic migration had no significant correlation with the increased metastatic potential of L-10 cells.

Establishment of a new human cancer cell line secreting protease nexin-II/amyloid beta protein precursor derived from squamous-cell carcinoma of lung.

A new cell line (LC-1/sq) of human lung squamous-cell carcinoma was established from a surgically resected specimen of primary lung cancer. Upon continuous propagation in serum-free culture medium, it secreted trypsin inhibitors into the conditioned medium. The major fraction of the trypsin inhibitor (T1-1) was purified to apparent homogeneity by anion-exchange and gel-filtration high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) followed by transblotting to Immobilon. T1-1 effectively inhibited trypsin. Chymotrypsin, plasmin and kallikrein were inhibited to a lesser extent, but urokinase-type plasminogen activator, elastase, thrombin and papain were not inhibited. The activity of T1-1 was acid-stable and heat-resistant, and its molecular weight was 115 kDa by SDS-PAGE. It exhibited single NH2-terminal sequence, and its first 20 NH2-terminal amino-acid residues were identical with those of protease nexin-II (PN-II)/amyloid beta-protein precursor (APP). These characteristics of T1-1 suggest that the major trypsin inhibitor secreted by LC-1/sq is indistinguishable from PN-II/APP. LC-1/sq is the first lung squamous carcinoma cell line that secretes functionally active trypsin inhibitor, PN-II/APP, in vitro and is useful for studying its biological significance in malignant tumor.

Sequential degradation of interstitial collagen by metalloproteinases extracted from tumors of murine ascites hepatomas.

Gelatinolytic and collagenolytic proteinases were separately isolated by different extraction methods from the mouse ascites hepatoma MH134, and from rat ascites hepatoma AH109A. The activities of two proteinases in each extract showed no significant differences, but after trypsin activation the activities of proteinases from the highly metastatic MH134 were significantly increased compared to the enzyme activities in AH109A, which has low metastatic potential. The total activities of collagenase and gelatinase were increased 7.2- and 5.1-fold; their specific activities were increased 5.2- and 4.8-fold, respectively. Gelatinase and collagenase from MH134 were characterized on gelatin zymography. The gelatinase had a molecular weight of 99 and activation by 4-aminophenylmercuric acetate (APMA) or trypsin resulted in its conversion to 79 or 79-95 kD, respectively. The collagenase revealed a major gelatinolytic band at 89 kD, which was converted to 85 and 70 kD by APMA-activation, and a minor gelatinolytic band at 60 kD. These proteinases could degrade native type I collagen to small fragments in a cooperative manner. Trypsin inhibitor, which affects the trypsin activation of latent gelatinase, was extracted together with gelatinase. The inhibitory activity of the enzyme from AH109A showed a 4.1-fold higher specific activity and 3.7-fold greater total activity than that from MH134. The proteinase(s) capable of activating the gelatinase was also extracted from MH134.

Glycocalyceal bodies in a human rectal carcinoma cell line and their interstitial collagenolytic activities.

In co-cultivation on a membrane of connective tissue matrix (CTM) obtained from human dura mater, human adenocarcinoma cells (RCM-1) degraded CTM. Morphologically, the destruction of CTM was associated with the shedding of membrane vesicles from the cells. Transmission electron microscopy, using ruthenium red (RR), showed that the shed vesicles were composed of various-sized membrane bound vesicles (MV). A large majority were small glycocalyceal bodies (G-bodies) measuring 20-120 nm in diameter, composed of an amorphous matrix of moderate electron-density surrounded by an RR-positive, trilaminar membrane. G-bodies were separated from medium-sized and large MVs by ultracentrifugation. Ultrastructural observation of the isolated collagen fibrils from CTM co-cultured with RCM-1 cells, showed G-bodies attached to degraded collagen fibrils with characteristic transverse notches along their axes. The lesions occurred as microerosions in the apolar region between the e and d bands of collagen fibrils. Collagenolytic activity in serum-free RCM-1 conditioned medium was localized in the G-body and MV fractions (80% and 20% of the total activity, respectively, when tested against 3H-labeled type I collagen). No activity was detected in the supernatant. The activity in G-bodies was also confirmed by ultrastructural analysis using reconstituted native type I collagen fibrils. The results suggest that RCM-1 cells release interstitial collagenase as a component of G-bodies which facilitates local breakdown of connective tissue during the process of invasion.

A new long-term in vitro invasion assay using fibrous connective tissue matrices maintaining architectural characteristics of connective tissue.

A long-term invasion assay using fibrous connective tissue matrices was developed. The matrices were prepared by treating murine skin or human dura mater with 25 mM ammonium hydroxide containing proteinase inhibitors at 4 degrees C for 7 days. They could be maintained almost indefinitely without the degeneration and necrosis. Electron micrographs of them revealed the preservation of native collagen fibers, and sequential enzyme digestion showed the presence of glycoprotein in the matrices. Local dissolution of extracellular matrix by cultured human rectal adenocarcinoma cell line, RCM-1, was observed morphologically and confirmed by a quantitative assay using radiolabeled matrices. The destruction of extracellular matrix occurred associated with membrane vesicle-shedding from the cells. Both the advantages and disadvantages of this assay were discussed.