[Viferon suppositories in the treatment of influenza in adults].

One hundred and one patients at the age of 18 to 60 years suffering from influenza were observed during increased ratio of the sickness due to the influenza virus types A (H1N1 and H3N2) and B. The diagnosis of influenza was confirmed by the laboratory tests. Viferon was used in the treatment of 35 patients. The randomized double blind placebo-controlled study revealed high therapeutic efficacy ofviferon and its immunomodulating effect on the T-cells, the neutrophil phagocytic activity and the decrease of the levels of the circulating immune complexes. Viferon and arbidol decreased the fever periods and the toxicosis symptoms vs. the placebo. The therapeutic efficacies of viferon and arbidol were on the whole comparable, whereas the clinical findings and the results of the immunological tests were evident of the viferon higher therapeutic and immunomodulating efficacy. No side effects of the drugs were recorded. The tolerability was excellent. Viferon can be recommended for the treatment of influenza in adults.

[Assessment of the formation of interferon neutralizing antibodies and their influence on the effectiveness of interferon therapy in children with juvenile respiratory papillomatosis]. / Otsenka obrazovaniia neitralizuiushchikh antitel k interferonu i ikh vliianie na éffektivnost' interferonoterapii u detei s iuvenil'nym respiratornym papillomatozom.

Formation of neutralizing antibodies (NAB) to alpha-interferon (aINF) was assessed in the reaction of antiviral activity neutralization in 36 children with severe juvenile respiratory papillomatosis (JRP). Surgical removal of papillomas was combined with administration of recombinant aINF preparations (reaferon, intron A, viferon). High and moderate neutralizing activity was determined in 22 (61.1%) patients. 7, 2 and 13 of them received reaferon, intron A and viferon, respectively. NAB were not registered in the rest 14 (38.9%) patients. The frequency of NAB formation was not related to the preparation used, only in the group on reaferon it was insignificantly higher. It was found that the highest response to therapy occurred in children with low NAB titer (8 of 12 children, 66.7%), while children with high NAB titer (3 of 4 children, 75%) did not respond.

[Antibodies against alpha-2 and gamma-interferons affect the course of juvenile respiratory papillomatosis in children treated with alpha-2 interferon preparations]. / Vliyanie antitel k alfa-2 i gamma-interferonam na techeniye yuvenil'nogo respiratornogo papillomatoza u detey, poluchayushchikh lecheniye preparatami alfa-2 interferona.

1-year or longer treatment of juvenile respiratory papillomatosis (JRP) with alpha-2 interferons (A21) leads to emergence of antibodies to A21 in 54.3% of the patients. The greatest percentage of the antibody positives (94.4%) was found among JRP patients treated with intramuscular recombinant human A21 (reaferon). The proportion of the antibodies carriers fell to 15.4% if reaferon was used as a component of the new preparation viferon. JRP patients have also autoantibodies to A21 and gamma-interferon (8.74 and 33.3%, respectively). Patients with autoantibodies to gamma-interferon responded well to treatment with A21. Antibodies to A21 seem to have no negative effect on interferon therapy of JRP. Reaferon and viferon can be effectively used in JRP treatment.

[Assessment of the formation of antibodies to interferon in patients with juvenile respiratory papillomatosis on interferon therapy]. / Otsenka obrazovaniia antitel k interferonu u bol'nykh iuvenilnym respiratornym papillomatozom pri interferonoterapii.

Children with juvenile respiratory papillomatosis given alpha 2-INF had antibodies to alpha 2-INF in 67.7% of cases. In children treated with intramuscular recombinant alpha 2-INF (reaferon) alone antibodies to INF occurred in 92.3% of patients. The proportion of such patients fell to 28.5% if the children used recombinant alpha 2-INF as rectal suppositories viferon. The level of the antibodies in 4-48 hours decreased 2 times maximally and returned to the baseline on day 3 since intramuscular injection of alpha 2-INF. It is stated that interferon therapy had a positive effect on juvenile respiratory papillomatosis. Antibodies to INF had no negative effects on the treatment results.

[Experience in the use of viferon suppositories in young children with juvenile respiratory papillomatosis (preliminary report)]. / Opyt primeneniia viferona v svechakh u detei mladshego vozrasta s iuvenil'nym respiratornym papillomatozom (predvaritel'noe soobshchenie).

The authors tried a new medical form of interferon, rectal suppositories viferon, to treat severe juvenile respiratory papillomatosis in young children. Side effects were absent, antibodies to interferon in low titers were registered in 2 patients only. Further studies are needed to specify the promising effects of the above treatment.

[Antibodies to alpha-2A interferon in children with juvenile respiratory papillomatosis]. / Antitela k al'fa-2A interferonu u detei s iuvenil'nym respiratornym papillomatozom.

Follow-up of 36 JRP children and 12 controls (as shown by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay) has revealed that antibodies to IFN-alpha 2a with titers 1:20 to 1:1280 were present in 73.7% (14 of 19) of patients after interferon therapy and in 5.8% (1 of 17) of those who have not received interferon. None of the controls had the antibodies. Among the patients who have received only recombinant IFN-alpha 2a 88.8% carried the antibodies. In leukocytic interferon-treated group this number made up 20%. The primary results evidence that there is no negative effect of INF antibodies on the treatment results in the doses and schemes used. Positive results of INF in JRP were not reported either.

[An experimental study of human recombinant gamma interferon with a proteolytically reduced C-end area of the protein]. / Eksperimental'noe izuchenie rekombinantnogo chelovecheskogo gamma-interferona s proteoliticheski redutsirovannym C-kontsevym uchastkom belka.

The work presents the results of experimental study of gamma interferon obtained by gene engineering techniques on the basis of Escherichia coli producer strains. The study has revealed that gamma interferon, whose molecular weight is 15 KD, due to intracellular proteolytic degradation shows the absence of some amino acids at the C-end of protein and is electrophoretically homogeneous, while its antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulating effects are less pronounced than those of gamma interferon with a molecular weight of 18 KD.

[Interferon-inducing activity of poly(I)-poly(C) and its complexes with polycations and their resistance to enzymatic degradation]. / Interferonindutsiruiushchaia aktivnost' poli(I)-poli(Ts) i ego kompleksov s polikationami i ikh ustoichivost' k fermentativnomu razrusheniiu.

The insoluble complexes of poly (I) . poly (C) with histones and poly-L-lysin have been obtained. These complexes are insoluble in isotonic solutions and have no admixtures of polycations. Resistance to enzymatic degradation, the melting point and sorption on the cells of the complexes obtained increase with the growth of the polycation amount in the complexes, while the interferon-inducing capacity reduces. Based on the obtained and reported data the conclusion is made that resistance to enzymatic degradation, the high melting point and the high sorption of the inductor on the cells are necessary but insufficient conditions for the induction of interferon synthesis. It is assumed that the inductor ability to make complexes with cellular proteins is the characteristics responsible for the interferon-inducing capacity of the inductor.

[Initial stages of the interaction of murine interferon with L929 cells]. / Izuchenie nachal'nykh étapov vzaimodeistviia myshinogo interefona s kletkami L929.

After contact with mouse culture interferon in the cold, the resistance to viruses in L cells develops only after the cells are placed into a thermostate at 37 degrees C. The use of colcemide destroying microtubules prevents the development of this resistance at an early (actinomycin-sensitive) stage of interferon-cell interaction. In the actinomycin-resistant stage, however, colcemide practically exerts no influence on the interferon-induced resistance to viruses.

[Effect of florenal on reproduction of influenza virus]. / Vliianie florenalia na reproduktsiiu virusa grippa.

The antiviral, viricidal, and interferon-inducing activities of florenal (bisulphite derivative of 2-flourenylglyoxal) and its influence on RNA and protein synthesis were studied. The drug inhibited replication of A/WSN and A/Englang/42/72 influenza viruses in chick embryos infected with low doses of the viruses (10--1000 EID50), induced interferon production in cell culture and in chick embryos (16 and 32 units/ml, respectively) and showed viricidal activity in vitro. Florenal in concentrations 50 microgram/ml or higher reduced the level of RNA and protein synthesis both in non-infected and infected cells within the first 4--5 hours after its administration. It was not effective against influenza infection of white mice caused by A/England/42/72 virus.

[Effect of benzimidazole derivatives on viral infection]. / Vliianie nekotorykh proizvodnykh benzimidazola na virusnuiu infektsiiu

Dibazole and vitamin B12 reduced production of hemagglutinin by influenza A (PR8 and WSN strain) and B-1/73 (Yamagata strain) viruses in chick embryos when inoculated at various intervals after infection. The drugs stimulated interferon production in serum and by blood leukocytes, showing also some protective effect in influenza infection in mice. The necessity of further study of relationships between the chemotherapeutic activity of drugs and their capacity to stimulate nonspecific resistance to infection is emphasized.