Occupational risks in occupational morbidity structure and possibilities to reduce them.

The article presents results of occupational morbidity analysis in a region, with assessment of trends, levels, dynamics and structure of morbidity, factor dependency of occupational diseases, identification of occupational conditions of its occurrence. The information obtained helped to specify a system of occupational risk management, that increases efficiency in solving problems and better work safety in production.

[Salivary antibodies of Sonnei dysentery reconvalescents and healthy subjects with different probable risks of infection by Shigellae]. / Antitela v sliune rekonvalestsentov dizenterii Zonne i zdorovykh liudei s raznoi veroiatnost'iu riska zarazheniia shigellami.

The presence of homologous IgA and IgG was revealed in the saliva of convalescent patients with Sh. sonnei dysentery, examined 29 days to 4.5 months from the onset of the disease. The level and occurrence of IgA and IgG in the convalescent patients were several times greater than in healthy persons never subjected to the risk of Shigella infection. The records indicate that during the outbreaks of Sh. sonnei dysentery in children's institutions a considerable accumulation of homologous IgA and IgG occurred in the saliva of the members of the personnel unaffected by the infection (in comparison with healthy persons who had not been subjected to the risk of infection). The maximum immunological shift in the personnel was found to occur in the foci where the infection was transmitted by the alimentary route. The investigation of saliva samples for the presence of antibodies to Sh. sonnei may thus contribute to the epidemiological analysis in dysentery.

[Experience with the diagnosis of dysentery in adults by determining antibodies to Shigella in the saliva]. / Opyt diagnostiki dizenterii u vzroslykh putem opredeleniia antitel k shigellam v sliune.

Concentration of immunoglobulins and titres of antibodies to Sh. sonnei, Sh. flexneri and enteropathogenic E. coli 0111 was determined in mixed saliva and the blood serum of patients suffering from Sonne dysentery, acute intestinal diseases of unknown etiology, and healthy individuals. The sum total immunoglobulin concentration in mixed saliva proved to be 53--81 times less than in the blood serum, but in the first substrate there was 53--75, and in the second--15% of immunoglobulin A. There proved to be distinct changes in the specific IgA-antibodies in the saliva of patients with Sonne dysentery. A preponderant accumulation of IgG-antibodies was noted in the blood serum. Elevation of both types of antibodies was maximal during the second week of the disease. Sonne dysentery was diagnosed in 80% of the patients by recording the intensity of shifts in the specific antibodies in the saliva, and in 63%--in the blood. The expediency of immunological testing of saliva for the diagnosis of dysentery is substantiated.