[Effect of afobazole on the psychophysiological state of healthy volunteers].

The influence of the selective anxiolytic drug afobazole in a single dose of 10 mg on the psychophysiological functions of healthy volunteers was studied in laboratory experiments. It is established that afobazole optimizes some psychophysiological characteristics of stress-labile individuals and has no negative influenceon the parameters of attention, psychomotor reaction a nd speed of decision making.

[Effect of ladasten on the psychophysiological parameters of healthy volunteers].

The ability of the antiasthenic drug ladasten (single dose, 100 mg) to influence psychophysiological functions was evaluated in laboratory experiments with participation of healthy volunteers. It was established that ladasten does not exhibit behavioral toxicity and improves psychophysiological parameters in the state of mental fatigue. The drug effects were more pronounced in stress-labile individuals.

[Predicting individual reactions to emotional stress and benzodiazepine tranquilizers]. / Prognoz individual'nykh reaktsii na émotsional'nyi stress i benzodiazepinovye trankvilizatory.

The results of pharmacogenetic experiments revealed specificity of the emotional-stress reactions (ESR) in the inherited deterministic type of behavior and showed dependence of the benzodiazepine tranquilizer action on the ESR phenotype. Based on these data, we carried out experiments with a group of volunteers performing operator functions in a model of emotional-stress conditions. The results of these experiments allowed the operators to be divided into stress-resistant and stress-affected groups. The results of the data processing by methods of multidimensional statistics showed possibility of predicting the ESR phenotype and the qualitative effect of phenazepam (0.5 mg. p.o.) based on the individual topological and hormonal-biochemical characteristics of operators.

[Is it possible to predict individual stress resistance by evaluating low dose benzodiazepine effect in modeled emotional stress]. / Vozmozhen li prognoz individual'noi stressoustoichivosti po otsenke éffektov malykh doz benzodiazepinov v modeliruemoi émotsiogennoi obstanovke?

Individual effects of the benzodiazepine tranquilizers phenazepam and gidazepam were studied in neurotic patients and in healthy volunteers tested for the operatory performance under emotiogenic conditions. It was found that manifestations of the tranquiliactivating, tranquilizing, and tranquilisedative effects depend on the individual sensitivity types of the patients and volunteers. The activating manifestations were most pronounced in hypostenic patients, while the sedative action was most significant in hyperstenic persons. The tranquilisedative effect of a single test dose of gidazepam (20 mg) allows predicting a low efficacy of the log-term therapy with benzodiazepines studied. In a group of 40 healthy volunteers, a single 20-mg dose of gidazepam increased the operatory under emotiogenic conditions performance in 19 persons and decreased the results in 12 cases. Volunteers in the first group were characterized as less stress-resistant with respect to a combination of psychological, psychophysiological, and hormonal-biochemical parameters as compared to the second group. It was concluded that the benzodiazepine test is worth of further elaborating as a means of predicting the stress resistance based on the effect of a model benzodiazepine tranquilizer under laboratory conditions.

[A chamber for evaluating the free choice by laboratory rats and mice of a space containing tobacco smoke]. / Kamera dlia otsenki svobodnogo vybora laboratornymi krysami i myshami prostranstva, soderzhashchego tabachnyi dym.

An original experimental setup has been designed that allows evaluation of the free preference of space containing tobacco smoke by small laboratory animals. For the laboratory mice (C57B1/6 and BALB/c) and rats (MNRA and MR) placed every day into this box, no emotional-stress reaction (ESR) caused by the environment novelty was observed on the 19th day of experiment. A difference in the free preference of space containing tobacco smoke was observed between inbred animals with active and passive ESR phenotypes.

[The pharmacogenetic concept of the anxio-selective effect]. / Farmakogeneticheskaia kontseptsiia anksioselektivnogo éffekta.

Hereditary variations in the effects of benzodiazepine tranquilizers depending on the phenotype of an emotional stress reaction (ESR) are described. The membrane-receptor relationship showed differences between C57B1/6 with an "active" ESR phenotype and Balb/c with a "passive" ESR at the GABA benzodiazepine receptor complex level. The pharmacological results evidenced the selective anxiolytic properties of the novel drug aphobazole (2-[2-morpholyno)ethylthio]-5-ethoxybenzimidazole dihydrochloride) which produced an activating anxiolytic action in Balb/c mice whereas no behavioral changes were observed in C57B1/6 mice.

[The therapeutic efficacy and the effect of gidazepam and fenazepam on the psychophysiological status and on the performance of operators with mental disorders at a neurotic level]. / Terapevticheskaia éffektivnost' i vliianie gidazepama i fenazepama na psikhofiziologicheskoe sostoianie i rezul'tativnost' deiatel'nosti operatorov s psikhicheskimi narusheniiami nevroticheskogo urovnia.

The effect of placebo and gidazepam on the state, psychophysiological predictors of the quality of the operator's performance and its results in individuals with neurotic reactions was studied (test dose 20 mg 7-day course, 40 mg daily, 24 individuals), as well as the effect of gidazepam and phenazepam (42 individuals with neurotic and neurosis-like states; gidazepam test doses 20 and 50 mg, 14-day course, 40 and 100 mg daily; phenazepam test doses 0.5 and 1 mg, 14-day course, daily dose 2 mg). The generally accepted methods of clinical and psychophysiological examination were applied. Gidazepam in the doses under study did not yield to phenazepam in therapeutic activity. A single and a course administration of gidazepam improved the parameters of the psychophysiological state and the efficacy of the operator performance in patients with neurotic reactions and in those with neurotic and neurosis-like states. This makes it possible, whenever necessary, to recommend this drug for the treatment of the indicated disorders in the working operators.

[The mechanisms of the thermal protective action of atsefen]. / Issledovanie mekhanizmov termozashchitnogo deistviia atsefena.

The study of thermoprotective properties of acephen (300 mg, single dosage) showed an increase (compared to that of placebo) in the maximum endurable time under thermal loading in healthy volunteers: optimization of evaporative heat exchange regime; reduction of the final values of reactive anxiety and fatigue and decrease in the rate of skin temperature growth. In combination with the data of biochemical analysis of peripheral blood which demonstrated positive changes in hormone, lipid, protein, and energy metabolism as well as in vegetative regulation, the results testify to a substantial thermoprotective potential of acephen attributed to the wide range of its pharmacological activity.

[Study of heat-protective effects of bromantane at various levels of overheating]. / Izuchenie teploprotektornykh éffektov bromantana v razlichnky rezhimakh peregrevaniia.

The thermoprotective properties of bromantane were studied during overheating. Simultaneously with the known effects on heat exchange and sensitivity to high temperatures bromantane caused a decrease in ranges of heat tolerance, increased the rate of SVTK growth as well as altered protein metabolism and antioxidant protection and also affected the autonomic regulation of heat exchange which were essential in adaptation. At the same time, during ergothermal loading accompanied by any troubles in evaporation and heat exchange, marked thermoprotective efficiency of bromantane was compared for its ability to improve muscle dynamometry and hemodynamics as compared with control values.