[Dynamics of regeneration of epitheliocytes from gastric mucosa at different modes of antirelapse treatment of ulcer disease].

Exacerbation of duodenal ulcer disease (DUD) is associated with elevated number of Ki-67 and Bcl-2 positive endtotheliocytes and apoptotic activity. Inhibition of endotheliocyte proliferation and apoptotic activity in gastric mucosa (GM) upon eradication of Hp in DUD patients promotes ulcer healing. Combination of eradication with melaxen therapy substantially enhances efficiency of Hp elimination and reduces cicatrization time. Antirelapse treatment with melaxene and omeprazole normalizes endotheliocyte homeostasis on GM to a greater degree than omeprazole monotherapy.

[Specifics of apoptotic activity and expression of regulatory molecules (Ki-67, Bcl-2) of gastric mucosal epitheliocytes, in the process of Correa's cascade].

The subjects of the study were 104 patients with Helicobacter pylori (HP)-associated gastric pathology, including 30 patients with gastric ulcer (GU), 30 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), 20 patients with CAG plus adenomatous polyps (AP), and 24 patients with gastric cancer (GC). All the subjects were examined dynamically; the comparison group consisted of 12 practically healthy people. The study revealed that GU, CAG, AP, and GC were consequent stages of gastric mucosal epithelial cell regeneration disorder which manifested by the fact that the apoptotic activity of these cells was lower than their proliferation rate, and this difference grew with time; the reflection of this was the growth of Ki-67 and Bcl-2 expression. HP eradication improved the process of cell regeneration. Epithelial cell apoptosis/proliferation ratio tended to normalize, which suggests that the processes of mucosal atrophy and metaplasia, and initial signs of gastric mucosal dysplasia in patients with HP-associated pathology may be reversible.

[Approximately hourly biological rhythms: theoretical aspects and the prospects of clinical application].

The aim of the review is to attract attention to the importance of a dynamic approach to symptoms of health and pathology. In this regard, long-known approximately 24-hour or circadian rhythms (CR) are very prospective. However, according to recent studies, shorter approximately hourly rhythms (AHR) are of not less importance. Unlike CR, HR are not obtruded on the organism by periodical external influence of day-night pattern, but present cell's own fundamental property, a method of their metabolism. The fractal nature of HR has been substantiated; age-dependent changes in HR have been demonstrated; the importance of AHR for diagnostics and prognosis in gastroenterology and cardiology has been determined. To perform more clinical observations is an important task.

[Irritated bowel syndrome: clinicomorphological aspects of treatment with melaxen].

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of melatonin (melaxen, Unipharm, USA), and its influence on the ultrastructural and histological features on the colon mucosa (CM) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) corresponding to Rome criteria II. Twenty-one patients with IBS were examined before and after the end of the therapy (one month upon the beginning of treatment). All the patients had non-specific morphological changes in the CM, which were more pronounced during exacerbation and less significant during remission. The study showed that in terms of stool normalization and sleep improvement in IBS patients the combination of basic therapy and melaxen was more effective than either the combination of basic therapy and psychotropic drugs or basic therapy alone. Basic therapy plus melaxen is comparable in its effects to basic therapy plus psychotropic drugs in terms of coping with pain syndrome and dyspeptic syndrome in IBS patients, the normalization of their mental status and life quality improvement. The treatment of IBS with melaxen proved to be more effective than other therapies, which was proved by histological and electron microscopic studies of the CM.

[Melatonin: ulcer disease and seasons of the year]. / Melatonin: iazvennaia bolezn' i sezony.

Melatonin produces a great variety of effects in human organism and plays an essential role in normal function of the body. This explains growing interest of medical researchers to this substance. The paper provides the results of 3-year studies of seasonal rhythm of melatonin production in patients with duodenal ulcer. Acute disorders of circadian and seasonal melatonin production in summer and autumn were discovered in patients with duodenal ulcer. These findings suggest involvement of abnormal melatonin production in pathological mechanisms of autumn exacerbations of duodenal ulcer.

[Circadian rhythms of hemodynamic load on the cardiovascular system in patients with essential hypertension: implication for drug therapy rationale]. / Tsirkadiannyi ritm gemodinamicheskoi nagruzki na serdechno-sosudistuiu sistemu u bol'nykh éssentsial'noi arterial'noi gipertenziei -- znachenie dlia ratsional'noi farmakoterapii.

Circadian rhythm of hemodynamic load by double product (heart rate x systolic blood pressure) was studied in 224 patients with essential hypertension (EH) treated with different antihypertensive drugs for 8-12 weeks and in 23 healthy subjects. The main feature of the rhythm was a marked morning rise in all the patients including non-dippers and night-peakers without nocturnal blood pressure fall. The examined drugs showed different effects on mean 24-h and morning values of the double product.

Melatonin production in patients with duodenal ulcer.

UNLABELLED: OBJECTIVES. This work was designed to study melatonin (M) production levels in duodenal ulcer (DU) patients in the exacerbation and remission stages and in DU patients with a different course of DU in the exacerbation and remission stages. METHODS: DU patients (15 men aged 20 to 45, mean age 34,2 +/- 1,1 years) were studied. The control group included 11 healthy volunteers (men aged 20-45, mean age 32,5 +/- 1,4 years). M was measured by RIA-method using H(3)-labeled M in daily urine collected at 3-hour intervals (8 portions per day). Mathematical processing was carried out using ANOVA, Student's t-test, and cosinor analysis. Differences at p< or = 0,05 were considered to be significant. RESULTS: A strong disturbance of M secretion in DU patients both in the exacerbation and remission stages and a direct correlation between the degree of M production disturbance and severity of clinical course of DU were revealed. CONCLUSION: The obtained results suggest that circadian rhythms of M production are altered in DU patients. M was supposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of DU.

[Pancreatic hormone amylin and integrity of the gastric mucosa]. / Pancreakticheskii gormon amilin i tselostnost' slizistoi obolochki zheludka.

The paper presents experimental findings of some possible mechanisms of protective antiulcerous action of amyline. Amyline is the second beta-cell pancreatic hormone, which has been just recently discovered. The authors have studied the effects of amyline on gastric secretion, mast cell functions, mesenteric lymphatic microvascular contractility, i.e. on individual aggressive and protective factors of the gastric mucosa. Amyline has been found to inhibit basal acid gastric secretion and the secretion stimulated by vagal irritation. The peptide reduces the secretory activities of mast cells. Amyline given to animals increases the heparin saturation index of mast cells and decreases the degranulation index. Amyline-induced stabilization of mast cells appears to followed by the decreased release of histamine and other damaging substances. The stimulating effect of amyline on the contractile activity of mesenteric lymphatic vessels was recorded in rats. Amyline increases both the frequency and amplitude of their contractions. The increased lymph flow that is closely associated with microcirculation promotes the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Therefore, the protective antiulcerous properties of amyline reduce the action of aggressive agents on the gastric mucosa and stimulate protective ones.

[Ulcer protective effect of melatonin during artificial simulation of desynchronization in rats]. / Iazvoprotektivnyi éffekt melatonina pri iskusstvenno smodelirovannom desinkhronoze u krys.

The study was made on Wistar rats. A shift in endogenous biological rhythms was simulated by that in the light phase by 12 hours and evaluated by the shift in the rhythm of rectal temperature. Experiments revealed that desynchronization potentiated ulcerative processes in the rat stomach. The study demonstrated the protective effect of intraperitoneally injected melatonin to prevent the formation of ulcerative defects in the rat stomach during artificially simulated desynchronization.