[A case of familial hypercholesterolemia caused by a novel mutation p. FsS65:D129X of human low density lipoprotein receptor gene].

Novel mutation p. FsS65:D129X in human low density lipoprotein receptor gene in a female patient with typical clinical symptoms of familial hypercholesterolemia is described in this paper. Segregation of this mutation with hypercholesterolemia in the family of the patient from Petrozavodsk is demonstrated.

[Genetic variants of CYP1B1 and WDR36 in the patients with primary congenital glaucoma and primary open angle glaucoma from Saint-Petersburg].

In 32 patients with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG), a search for mutations in the myocilin (MYOC), cytochrome P450B1 (CYP1B1), and WDR36 genes was performed. The Q368X mutation in myocilin gene, typical of the patients with adult-onset primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), was not detected in the PCG patients. Screening of the CYP1B1 introns 2 and 3 for the presence of mutations in PCG patients revealed only six DNA polymorphisms, including IVS1-12ntT>C (g.3793 T>C), A119S (g.4160 G>T; GCC>TCC), G188G (g.4369 C>A; GGC>GGA), L432V (G.8131 C>G; CTG>GTG), D449D (g.8184 C>T; GAC>GAT), and N453S (g.8195 A>G; AAC>AGC) (nucleotide numbering is given in accordance with the GenBank sequence U56438). In the groups of PCG patients and donors without eye diseases, the frequencies of these variants were not statistically significantly different, pointing to the neutrality of these polymorphisms. Furthermore, the CYP1B1 polymorphism L432V, considered to be associated with POAG in some world populations, was not associated with this disease in the patients from St. Petersburg. DNA collections obtained from the POAG and PCG patients and from the control group were tested for the carriage of the worldwide distributed mutations of the WRD36 gene, D658G, R529Q, A449T, and N355S. D658G variant was found with equally low frequencies in the groups of POAG and PCG patients, as well as in the control group. Mutations A449T and R529Q were found only once each, while mutation N355S was not detected in any of the groups examined. Our results indicate that the WDR36 variants make no substantial contribution to the development of POAG and PCG in the patients from St. Petersburg and represent normal DNA polymorphism. It is likely that in most of the PCG patients from the population examined the disease is not associated with the CYP1B1 gene defects.