ABSTRACT
Five propionic acid ionic liquids (PrAILs) [C(n)mim][Pro] (n = 2-6) (1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium propionate) have been prepared by the neutralization method and characterized by (1)H NMR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Their density, ρ, surface tension, γ, and refractive index, n(D), were measured at (298.15 ± 0.05) K, and the experimental values of parachor for the PrAILs were calculated. Using the parachor values of [C(n)mim](+) obtained by Guan et al., the anionic parachor values of [C(n)mim][Pro] (n = 2-6), [C(2)mim][RBF(3)] (R = N-C(n)H(2n+1) (n = 1-5)), [C(n)mim][Gly] (n = 2-6), and [C(n)mim][PF(3)(CF(2)CF(3))(3)] (n = 1-6) were determined. Then, the parachor, surface tension, and refractive index of the ILs investigated in this work were estimated. The estimated values correlate quite well with the corresponding experimental values.
ABSTRACT
Low-temperature heat capacities of 2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid (C5H4N2O2)(s) were measured by a precision automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 78 to 400 K. A polynomial equation of heat capacities as a function of temperature was fitted by least squares method. Based on the fitted polynomial, the smoothed heat capacities and thermodynamic functions of the compound relative to the standard reference temperature 298.15 K were calculated and tabulated at 10 K intervals. The constant-volume energy of combustion of the compound at T = 298.15 K was measured by a precision rotating-bomb combustion calorimeter to be ΔcU = -(17839.40 ± 7.40) J g-1. The standard molar enthalpy of combustion of the compound was determined to be ΔcH0m = -(2211.39 ± 0.92) KJ mol-1, according to the definition of combustion enthalpy. Finally, the standard molar enthalpy of formation of the compound was calculated to be ΔfH0m = -(327.82 ± 1.13) kJ mol-1 in accordance with Hess law.
