Effects of bench step exercise intervention on work ability in terms of cardiovascular risk factors and oxidative stress: a randomized controlled study.

Work ability is partly determined by physical and mental fitness. Bench step exercise can be practiced anywhere at any time. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a bench step exercise on work ability by examining cardiovascular risk factors and oxidative stress. Thirteen volunteers working in a warehousing industry comprised the bench step exercise group (n=7) and the control group (n=6). The participants in the step exercise group were encouraged to practice the step exercise at home for 16 weeks. The step exercise improved glucose metabolism and antioxidative capacity and increased work ability by reducing absences from work and improving the prognosis of work ability. The improvement in work ability was related to a reduction in oxidative stress. These results suggest that a bench step exercise may improve work ability by reducing cardiovascular risk factors and oxidative stress.

Stretching versus transitory icing: which is the more effective treatment for attenuating muscle fatigue after repeated manual labor?

PURPOSE: Effective recovery from muscle fatigue, especially during rest intervals between periods of high-intensity activity, is important to ensure optimal subsequent performance. Stretching and icing are two types of treatment used for muscle recovery in such situations. However, their effectiveness remains unclear because of a lack of adequate evidence and/or discrepant results of previous studies. We performed a study to elucidate the effects of stretching and icing on muscle fatigue in subjects performing alternating muscle contraction and rest. METHODS: Sixteen healthy male subjects aged 21-27 years were evaluated. Each subject performed repeated isometric muscle contraction exercises that involved lifting and holding a dumbbell to induce muscle fatigue. Four treatments were performed during the rest periods between isometric muscle contraction: static stretching, ballistic stretching, no stretching, or icing. Electromyography and relative muscle oxygen saturation measurements were performed during the exercises. Muscle fatigue was indirectly estimated by the decline in the median frequency of the electromyographic signal. RESULTS: Stretching between alternate isometric muscle contraction exercises resulted in a significantly lower median frequency of the electromyographic signal than did no stretching. There was no significant difference in the change in the median frequency between static and ballistic stretching. Conversely, icing between alternate exercises did not decrease the median frequency. CONCLUSIONS: Stretching, whether static or ballistic, is not beneficial for recovery from muscle fatigue and may actually inhibit recovery. Icing may more effectively induce such recovery and thus may be a better choice between the two treatment techniques.

The relationship between work ability and oxidative stress in Japanese workers.

Work ability is based on the balance between personal resources and work demand. This study focused on the personal resources component of work ability. The aims of this study were to elucidate the association between work ability and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, particularly oxidative stress, and to estimate the effect of a community-implemented lifestyle modification programme on work ability and CV risk factors. Urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), a biomarker of oxidative stress, was negatively correlated with psychological resources, as measured by the Work Ability Index (WAI). Overall WAI score was unchanged following the programme, while CV risk factors and antioxidative activity improved. A reduction in PGF2α levels was correlated with an improvement in subjective work ability relative to job demands, as assessed by a WAI item. Taken together, the results suggest that lifestyle modification programmes enhance the personal resources component of work ability and are associated with a reduction in oxidative stress.

Sense of coherence is significantly associated with both metabolic syndrome and lifestyle in Japanese computer software office workers.

OBJECTIVES: Sense of coherence (SOC) is an individual characteristic related to a positive life orientation, leading to effective coping. Little is known about the relationship between SOC and metabolic syndrome (MetS). This cross-sectional study aimed at testing the hypothesis that workers with a strong SOC have fewer atherosclerotic risk factors, including MetS, and healthier lifestyle behaviors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and sixty-seven computer software workers aged 20-64 years underwent a periodical health examination including assessment of body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood lipid levels, fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels and lifestyle behaviors (walking duration, smoking status, nutrition, alcohol consumption, and sleep duration). During this period, the participants also completed a 29-item questionnaire of SOC and the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire to assess job stressors such as job strain and workplace social support. RESULTS: Our results showed that the participants with a stronger SOC were likely to walk for at least 1 h a day, to eat slowly or at a moderate speed, and to sleep for at least 6 h. Compared with the participants with the weakest SOC, those with the strongest SOC had a significantly lower odds ratio (OR) for being overweight (OR = 0.31; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.11-0.81), and having higher FBS levels (OR = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.02-0.54), dyslipidemia (OR = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09-0.84), and MetS (OR = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.02-0.63), even after adjusting for age, gender and job stressors. CONCLUSIONS: High SOC is associated with a healthy lifestyle and fewer atherosclerotic risk factors, including MetS.

Effects of transitory stimulation interval exercise on physical function: a randomized controlled pilot study among Japanese Subjects.

Interval training is effective for promoting aerobic capacity and general health. However, it involves repeated high-intensity activity, which could pose cardiovascular risks for the elderly or people who are less fit. We developed a transitory stimulation interval exercise (TSIE) in which the duration of strenuous exertion was reduced to 30 seconds at 75% VO2max of intensity. This pilot study aims to explore the effects of this mode of exercise. Thirty women were randomized and stratified into the TSIE group, the continuous moderate exercise (CME) group, or the no-exercise (NE) group. The two exercise groups performed exercises for 12 weeks. Significant positive changes were observed in the TSIE group compared with the NE group in the relative change ratio from baseline in body weight and VO2max, but no significant differences were observed between the CME group and the NE group. Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) decreased significantly in both exercise groups compared with the NE group. Overall, there were few significant differences between the CME group and the TSIE group. There might not be any differences between the TSIE and the CME in a long term intervention with equalized training volumes.