COMBINED CARIES AND GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE.

Caries and its complications take the leading role in the development of gastrointestinal diseases in young people. Gastroesophageal reflux disease is one of the most common diseases of the digestive tract. An important role among the components of the immune defense of the oral cavity belongs to non-specific humoral factors produced by various cells that act in a complex, which increases the final effect of protection. Aim of the study - to determine the indices of local immunity in patients who had combined dental pathology (caries) and gastroesophageal reflux disease. In total were exanimated 33 patients with dental caries in age from 18 to 25 years, including 21 men and 12 women. The main group consisted of 17 patients who had a combined dental pathology (caries) and gastroesophageal reflux disease. The comparison group consisted of 16 people who had dental caries without other systemic diseases.  All patients, who were included in the study was carried out the following researches: a study of the dental status, an immunological study for all patients with the determination of a quantitative assessment of the main populations and subpopulations of lymphocytes, determination of their functional activity, determination of level of serum immunoglobulins, determination of the concentration of circulating immune complexes of various molecular sizes, phagocytic activity of neutrophils and cytokine status in serum and oral fluid, as well as assessment of the course of gastroesophageal reflux disease with questionnaires. The results of the values of the resistance of hard tissues to the effects of cariogenic factors had a high positive correlation with the intensity of dental caries lesions. That confirms the presence of a relationship between manifestations of systemic diseases together with the development of dental caries, especially against the background of a decrease in caries resistance. In the presence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients dental caries detected spontaneous activation of lymphocyte proliferation by 25.8%, an increasing of the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, detected significantly higher indicators of the phagocytic number and phagocytic index, increased content of medium and small molecular circulating immune complexes with pathogenic properties. Detected significantly higher content of pro-inflammatory cytokines - tumor necrosis factor-α, an increased concentration of IgG as a result of antigenic stimulation, and also a significantly lower concentration of secretory IgA. It has been established that in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease combined with dental caries observing changes in the immune system, which bear the features of subclinical immune inflammation. The study revealed a higher intensity of the carious process in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, which is associated with permanent acid damage of the oral mucosa. Furthermore, it was found violation in terms of concentration with increasing local immunity oral liquid proinflammatory factors and a reduced concentration of secretory IgA namely with concomitant pathologies of the gastroesophageal reflux disease.

INDICATORS OF LOCAL IMMUNITY IN THE COMORBID COURSE OF CARIES AND GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE.

Aim of the study -to determine the indices of local immunity in patients who had combined dental pathology (caries) and gastroesophageal reflux disease. In total were exanimated 33 patients with dental caries in age from 18 to 25 years, including 21 men and 12 women. The main group consisted of 17 patients who had a combined dental pathology (caries) and gastroesophageal reflux disease. The comparison group consisted of 16 people who had dental caries without other systemic diseases.  All patients, who were included in the study was carried out the following researches: a study of the dental status, an immunological study for all patients with the determination of a quantitative assessment of the main populations and subpopulations of lymphocytes, determination of their functional activity, determination of level of serum immunoglobulins, determination of the concentration of circulating immune complexes of various molecular sizes, phagocytic activity of neutrophils and cytokine status in serum and oral fluid, as well as assessment of the course of gastroesophageal reflux disease with questionnaires. The results of the values of the resistance of hard tissues to the effects of cariogenic factors had a high positive correlation with the intensity of dental caries lesions. That confirms the presence of a relationship between manifestations of systemic diseases together with the development of dental caries, especially against the background of a decrease in caries resistance. In the presence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients dental caries detected spontaneous activation of lymphocyte proliferation by 25.8%, an increasing of the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, detected significantly higher indicators of the phagocytic number and phagocytic index, increased content of medium and small molecular circulating immune complexes with pathogenic properties. Detected significantly higher content of pro-inflammatory cytokines - tumor necrosis factor-α, an increased concentration of IgG as a result of antigenic stimulation, and also a significantly lower concentration of secretory IgA. It has been established that in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease combined with dental caries observing changes in the immune system, which bear the features of subclinical immune inflammation. The study revealed a higher intensity of the carious process in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, which is associated with permanent acid damage of the oral mucosa. Furthermore, it was found violation in terms of concentration with increasing local immunity oral liquid proinflammatory factors and a reduced concentration of secretory IgA namely with concomitant pathologies of the gastroesophageal reflux disease.

NEAREST RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF EXACERBATED GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS IN PATIENTS WITH MANIFESTATIONS OF PSYCHOEMOTIONAL STRESS.

To date, the common etiological factor of periodontal disease is periodontopathogenic microflora. In the case of favorable circumstances (the presence of systemic diseases, reduced general or local resistance), it multiplies rapidly and causes periodontal disease: gingivitis or periodontitis. Among these systemic lesions, psychological stress occupies a significant place. This should be taken into account in the complex treatment of patients with generalized periodontitis. In view of this, a drug regimen for the preparation of patients with generalized periodontitis of exacerbative course with the presence of psychoemotional stress with the use of a modified complex of adrenoblockers.Aim of the study: to determine the nearest results of clinical efficacy of the modified proposed complex of adrenoblockers in the complex treatment of patients with generalized periodontitis of exacerbative course in the presence of psychoemotional stress.This clinical study was conducted in a groupof 70 patients with generalized periodontitis of I-II stage, exacerbative course and manifestations of psychological stress. Drug treatment was performed using a modified proposed premedication complex adrenoblockers. A comprehensive examination of the periodontal tissues of patients before and after treatment was performed. To assess the clinical effectiveness of treatment used Schiller-Pisarev test, PMA index by C. Parma (1961), hygienic index OHI-S (J.C. Green, J.R. Vermillion, 1964), PBI index (H.R. Mühlemann, S.Son, 1971), periodontal index PI (A.L. Russel, 1956). The level of psychological stress was assessed using questionnaires DASS-21 and Spielberger-Khanin.It was found that the inclusion of the proposed modified premedication complex adrenoblockers in the complex therapy of patients with generalized periodontitis of exacerbative course with manifestations of psychoemotional stress can effectively suppress the dystrophic-inflammatory process in periodontal tissues. This confirms the decrease in the indices of PMA, OHI-S, PBI, PI in the near future.The use of the proposed modified premedication with a complex of adrenoblockers can increase the effectiveness of treatment of patients with generalized periodontitis of exacerbative course with manifestations of psychoemotional stress.

Named Entity Recognition and Normalization Applied to Large-Scale Information Extraction from the Materials Science Literature.

The number of published materials science articles has increased manyfold over the past few decades. Now, a major bottleneck in the materials discovery pipeline arises in connecting new results with the previously established literature. A potential solution to this problem is to map the unstructured raw text of published articles onto structured database entries that allow for programmatic querying. To this end, we apply text mining with named entity recognition (NER) for large-scale information extraction from the published materials science literature. The NER model is trained to extract summary-level information from materials science documents, including inorganic material mentions, sample descriptors, phase labels, material properties and applications, as well as any synthesis and characterization methods used. Our classifier achieves an accuracy (f1) of 87%, and is applied to information extraction from 3.27 million materials science abstracts. We extract more than 80 million materials-science-related named entities, and the content of each abstract is represented as a database entry in a structured format. We demonstrate that simple database queries can be used to answer complex "meta-questions" of the published literature that would have previously required laborious, manual literature searches to answer. All of our data and functionality has been made freely available on our Github ( https://github.com/materialsintelligence/matscholar ) and website ( http://matscholar.com ), and we expect these results to accelerate the pace of future materials science discovery.

[Distribution of biological particles in two-phase systems of water soluble polymers and salts]. / Raspedelenie biologicheskikh chastits v dvukhfaznykh sistemakh vodorastvorimykh polimerov i solei.

The paper discusses the problems of purification of Provachek's rickettsias used to prepare typhus vaccines and diagnostic kits. The currently available agents contain many admixtures of rickettsias products, more commonly yolk and chick embryo yolk sack cell detritus, which make it impossible to determine the true antigenic properties of rickettsias in the context of protection and diagnosis. By applying the well-known principle of distribution of biological particles in the two-phase systems of water soluble polymers, investigations were made to examine the distribution of rickettsias and their infected biological mass in the system: polyethylene glycol-6600, sodium-500 dextran sulfate, potassium phosphate, sodium chloride in order to prepare agents of pure rickettsias. It has been found that rickettsias are distributed in the polymer-enriched phase, their number and the degree of purity when isolated from the infected biological mass depends on the capacity of an interphase wherein tissue detritus sorption occurs.

[Autoantibodies to ganglioside GM3 and serotonin in blood serum in atherosclerosis]. / Autoantitela k gangliozidu GM3 i serotoninu v syvorotke krovi pri ateroskleroze.

Using ELISA method, the sera from 17 patients with atherosclerosis and 13 normal controls were examined for ganglioside- and serotonin-reactive antibodies. Gangliosides from human liver (GM31) and human aorta (GM3a) as well as GM2, GM1, GT1b, human brain cerebrosides and the BSA-serotonin conjugate (5-HT) were used as antigens. A group of patients showed statistically significant higher levels of anti-GM31 (82%) and anti-5-HT (71%) as compared to the control group. Taking into account the identical fatty acid composition of GM3 from human liver and platelets, one can assume that antibodies are produced against blood clot gangliosides in atherosclerotic patients' sera. This conclusion is supported by a high correlation (r = 0.06, p < 0.01) between the level of antibodies to 5-HT and GM31 in the sera of all patients. The sera of three patients with the highest content of antibodies to GM31 were shown to contain antibodies to GM3a and GT1b which were absent in control sera. No reaction with brain cerebrosides or GM1 and GM2 was detected in the sera of the examined persons. The differences in sera reactions with GM31 and GM3a can be explained as resulting from differences in the chain length of fatty acid residues of the ceramide moiety of gangliosides. The data obtained confirm the fact that antibodies to aorta gangliosides appear in the sera of atherosclerotic patients. Thus, the formation of atherosclerotic plaques leading to platelet activation, clot formation and ganglioside accumulation in aortic cells increase the levels of anti-ganglioside GM3 antibodies.

[Blood sialic acids in atherosclerosis]. / Sialovye kisloty syvorotki krovi pri ateroskleroze.

Determination of the total (protein- and lipid-bound) sialic acid in blood sera of atherosclerotic patients (registered thickening of coronary vessels) and donors revealed that the concentration of the both types of sialic acids in the blood sera of atherosclerotic patients are increased. The concentration of total sialic acid in patients' sera was, on the average, by 20% higher than that in donors' sera. The identity of protein content in patients' and donors' sera suggests that under atherosclerosis serum proteins are sialated in a greater degree as compared to norm. The concentration of lipid-bound sialic acid in patients' sera is higher than that in donors' sera. However, calculated per blood cholesterol, the concentration of lipid-bound sialic acid is practically identical in both patient and donors, thus indicating that increased sialoglycolipid content in patients' sera correlates with increased lipoprotein content in these sera in comparison with norm.