[The effect of Essentiale and riboxin on the immunomodulating properties of the erythrocytes in a toxic liver lesion]. / Vliianie éssentsiale i riboksina na immunomoduliruiushchie svoistva éritrotsitov pri toksicheskom porazhenii pecheni.

D-galactosamine (DGA) increases the erythrocyte content of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and the degree of peroxide hemolysis (DPH) of the erythrocytes, and reduces the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG) and ATP content. DGA induces the appearance of immunosuppressive properties in light erythrocytes. Essentiale (2 mg/kg) reduces the MDA content and DPH in the heavy erythrocytes and induces the appearance of immunostimulating properties in them. Riboxine (2 mg/kg) reduces the content of DPG and ATP in the light erythrocytes and prevents the appearance of immunosuppressive properties in them. Injection of 2 mg/kg of Essentiale or riboxine does not affect the development of the immune response induced by sheep erythrocytes in DGA poisoned rats. Combined injection of the compounds in a dose of 1 mg/kg intensifies the immune response of the poisoned animals.

[Hepatoprotective and immunomodulating effect of phylloquinone in toxic damage to the liver]. / Gepatoprtektornoe i immunomoduliruiushchee delstvie fillokhinona pri toksicheskom porazhenii pecheni.

On entering the organism D-galactosamine (DGA) induces the development of biochemical syndromes of hepatocyte affection, increases the intensity of lipid peroxidation, and suppresses the development of the immune response to the T-dependent antigen. Oral administration of phylloquinone lessens the signs of hepatic damage and increases the immune response to the T-dependent antigen in DGA-induced toxic lesion of the liver. The effects of phylloquinone are mediated by erythrocytes and cytokine which are secreted under their influence by the cells of the spleen.

[Lidocaine as an immunomodulator in a toxic liver lesion]. / Lidokain kak immunomoduliator pri toksicheskom porazhenii pecheni.

D-galactosamine (DGA) increases the malonic dialdehyde (MDA) content in the erythrocytes, reduces the ATP content, and induces the appearance of immunosuppressive properties in the red cells. Administration of lidocaine attenuates or completely removes these effects of DGA in poisoned animals. Extracorporeal treatment of the erythrocytes of intact rats with blood serum of DGA-poisoned reduces the ATP content and induces the appearance of immunosuppressive properties in the erythrocytes. Blood serum of DGA-poisoned rats which had been given lidocaine does not cause such effects.

[Immunomodulating, antioxidant and hepatoprotective action of the phytopreparation lochein]. / Immunomoduliruiushchee, antioksidantnoe i gepatoprotektornoe deistvie fitopreparata "lokhein".

Lochein is a water soluble extract from Siberian plants of the family Chenopodiaceae. It was shown to stimulate the immune response to the T-dependent antigen in healthy animals and in animals exposed to hepatotropic poison. Lochein induced secretion of immunostimulating factors by the glass adherent and nonadherent spleen cells. Supernatants of the glass adherent spleen cells contained compounds with antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties.

[Immunomodulating and hepatoprotective action of retinoids in toxic liver involvement induced by D-galactosamine]. / Immunomoduliruiushchee i gepatoprotektornoe deistvie retinoidov pri toksicheskom porazhenii pecheni, vyzvannom D-galaktozaminom.

The experiments on Wistar rats showed that beta-carotene and retinol acetate decreased the level of the biochemical signs of the hepatocyte injury and lowered or abolished the immunosuppressive effect induced by D-galactosamine. The hepatoprotective and immunomodulating effects of beta-carotene were higher. D-Galactosamine induced the development of the immunosuppressing properties in light erythrocytes and retinol acetate induced the development of the immunostimulating properties in heavy erythrocyte of the poisoned animals. beta-carotene prevented the development of the immunosuppressing properties in such cells. The immunomodulating effect of beta-carotene in the toxic affection of the liver was associated with blocking or retarding of the entry of the suppressing substances to the vascular channel from the hepatocytes and did not depend on their action on the erythrocytes.

[Development of immune response to the combined action of hepatotropic poisons and high ambient temperature]. / Razvitie immunnogo otveta pri sochetannom deistvii na organizm gepatotropnykh iadov i vysokoi vneshnei temperatury.

The experiments on Wistar rats have shown that administration of the hepatotropic poisons tetrachloromethane and polychlorpinene increased an immune response to T-dependent antigens. The combined exposure of the body to the hepatotropic poisons and high ambient temperatures leads to a drastically marked inhibition of immune responses to T-dependent and T-independent antigens. High ambient temperatures enhance a release of a comparatively high-molecular weight immuno-suppressor factor in tetrachloromethane-intoxicated rats, as well as induce production of a comparatively low-molecular weight immunosuppressor factor in the intoxicated rats who retain their splenocytic capacity of generating a low-molecular weight immunostimulating factor. The higher sensitivity retain their splenocytic capacity of generating a low-molecular weight immunostimulating factor. The higher sensitivity of splenocytes from rats with toxic hepatic lesion to elevated ambient temperatures is accounted for by their influence on humoral factors of intoxicated animals' sera.

[Essentiale as an immunomodulator in a toxic liver lesion]. / Essentsiale kak immunomoduliator pri toksicheskom porazhenii pecheni.

Tetrachlormethanum used in Wistar rats caused an increase in their immune response to sheep red cells, followed by its decrease. Administration of essential in combination with tetrachlormethanum prevented the accumulation of immunomodulating agents and impairment of an immune response to sheep red cells.

[Effect of humoral factors of the spleen of rats with acute and chronic toxic liver involvement on the physiologic and reparative regeneration of hepatocytes]. / Vliianie gumoral'nykh faktorov selezenki krys s ostrym i khronicheskim toksicheskim porazheniem pecheni na fiziologicheskuiu i reparativnuiu regeneratsiiu gepatotsitov.

It was demonstrated in experiments on Wistar rats with carbon tetrachloride induced acute and chronic affection of the liver that the supernatant of the splenic cells of the poisoned animals contains 2 undialyzable factors with a molecular mass of more than 150 and 10-12 kDa. The splenocytic substances stimulate hepatocyte proliferation both in healthy allogeneic recipients and under conditions of increased proliferative activity of hepatocytes in experimental pathology of the liver.