ABSTRACT
Changes in the content of the furostanol glycosides protodioscin and deltoside, particularly that of the (25S)-isomers of the glycosides, during suspension cultivation of different lines of Nepal yam (Dioscorea deltoidea Wall.) cells of the strain IFR-DM-0.5 has been investigated. The composition of furostanol glycosides has been characterized, and the dynamics of the accumulation of individual glycosides during lengthy subcultivation of cells maintained in flasks or in a barbotage bioreactor has been analyzed. A positive correlation between the growth and accumulation of substances that belonged to the class of furostanol glycosides has been demonstrated for cultured dioscorea cells, whereas the content of some of the individual glycosides varied considerably between the lines of the strain, cultures maintained under different conditions, and even between cells in different phases of the growth cycle. The increased content of (25R)-forms of the glycosides (protodioscin and deltoside) was correlated with a decrease in the cellular growth rate, whereas an increase in culture growth intensity occurred concomitantly to an increase of the amount of (25S)-isomers. This may be indicative of the specific stimulatory effect of (25S)-glycosides, but not the (25R)-forms, on cell proliferation in vitro. Thus, the concentration of (25S)-forms may increase due to the autoselection of cells capable of intensive division during prolonged cultivation.
Subject(s)
Dioscorea/metabolism , Diosgenin/analogs & derivatives , Glycosides/biosynthesis , Plant Cells/metabolism , Saponins/biosynthesis , Dioscorea/cytologyABSTRACT
The role of adipose tissue as an important endocrine organ is today beyond doubt. The adipose tissue is known to be a source of many biologically active substances, adipocitokines, one of them being the adiponectine possessing anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic and cardioprotective properties; it is believed to be one of prospective biomarkers for risk assessment, for diagnostics and, possibly, for therapy of cardiovascular diseases.
Subject(s)
Adipose Tissue/metabolism , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Cardiovascular Diseases/metabolism , Endocrine Glands/pathology , Adiponectin/metabolism , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/metabolism , Biomarkers/metabolism , Cardiotonic Agents/metabolism , Humans , PrognosisABSTRACT
The authors give considerations to one of the core hygienic problems arising in the process of long-term operation of orbital stations, i.e. ensuring microbial health of the milieu interior. Data pertaining the origin, interactions, and transformation of the microbial risk factors are analyzed as applied to this class of spacecraft. A concept of microbial health of the milieu interior including both medical and technological aspects relating to the reliability of space hardware is proposed. Based on the result of investigations in space flight, the developed criteria and indices of microbial health can be turned to practical use. The currently central tasks to be solved within the context of the problem and in view of the construction of international space station ALPHA are listed.
