ABSTRACT
This study was performed to describe lateral rectus myectomy and maximal medial rectus resection for correction of eye deviation in complete third cranial nerve palsy. A retrospective review of thirteen patients (fourteen eyes) with complete third cranial nerve palsy, who underwent lateral rectus myectomy and maximal medial rectus resection, was performed. These procedures were combined with superior oblique tendon transposition in nine patients with a large angle of exotropia (more than 60 prism diopters [∆]), or significant hypotropia (more than 5 ∆). Preoperative deviations were exotropia of 50 to 120 ∆ in thirteen cases and hypotropia of 5 to 25 ∆ in eight cases. Six months after the surgery, eleven patients were within 10 ∆ of orthotropia in primary position. Revision surgery was performed for two patients, eight and 18 months after the first operation. Eventually, five patients (38%) achieved orthotropia in the primary position, and seven patients (54%) had < 11 ∆ exotropia and < 6 ∆ vertical deviation. In conclusion, this procedure can be considered as an acceptable approach for treatment of strabismus in complete third cranial nerve palsy. This procedure is simple and can be easily performed even in very young children.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate macular changes after cataract surgery in eyes with high myopia. METHODS: This prospective cohort enrolled patients with high myopia (axial length ≥26 mm) who underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans were obtained at baseline and 2 and 6 months after the operation. Postoperative macular changes on OCT scans were regarded as the main outcome measure. RESULTS: Thirty-four eyes of 31 patients with high myopia were included (age, 60 ± 10 years [mean ± SD]); of these, 14 patients (45.2%) were male. The mean axial length was 27.8 ± 1.5 mm. Epiretinal membrane (one eye, 2.9%), lamellar hole (one eye, 2.9%), myopic foveoschisis (2 eyes, 5.9%), and vitreomacular traction associated with foveoschisis (one eye, 2.9%) were notable findings at baseline examination; no eye showed cystoid macular edema (CME) at this time. At the 2-month examination, three eyes (8.8%) developed CME. At the 6-month follow-up, one eye with CME at 2 months improved, and a new case of CME (5.6%) was detected. The characteristics of epiretinal membrane, lamellar hole, vitreomacular traction, and foveoschisis did not change at the 2- and 6-month examinations and no new cases occurred. CONCLUSION: Uncomplicated phacoemulsification had no significant effect on the prevalence or characteristics of pre-existing macular abnormalities in eyes with high myopia up to 6 months of follow-up. The incidence of CME 2 months after uncomplicated cataract surgery in eyes with high myopia was about 9%.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of various types of conjunctival lesions, at a tertiary ophthalmic center in Fars Province, South of Iran. METHODS: Histopathologic slides and medical records of conjunctival lesions submitted to the pathology department of Khalili Hospital, Shiraz, Iran were reviewed from April, 2009 to July, 2013. The histopathologic diagnoses were categorized into benign, pre-malignant, and malignant lesions. The prevalence of various types of conjunctival lesions was calculated. RESULTS: Histologic sections of 631 conjunctival lesions were reviewed. Benign lesions were most prevalent (81.8%), followed by premalignant (10.8%) and malignant (7.4%) lesions. Pterygia were the most common benign lesions (69.2%), intraepithelial dysplasia constituted most cases of premalignant lesions (94.1%), and squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent malignant lesion (93.6%). Benign lesions were the most common type of lesions in all age groups, however the prevalence of malignant lesions increased significantly with age (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Benign lesions were the most common conjunctival lesions with pterygia on top of the list, while intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma were the most common premalignant and malignant lesions, respectively. Conjunctival malignant lesions were more prevalent with older age.
